Blepharitis and Disorders of the eyelid Flashcards
(43 cards)
this structure secretes sebum and contributes to the outermost oily layer of the tear film
Meibomian glands
modified sweat glands that either open between two eyelashes or into a gland of Zeis
glands of moll
modified sebaceous glands that are attached directly to eyelash follicles
glands of zeis
Chronic eyelid condition: bilateral presentation with conjunctival redness and inflammation around the eyelid margins
Blepharitis
What causes blepharitis?
underlying medical conditions (rosacea, dermatitis, dry eye)
bacterial infections (S. aureus, s. epidermidis)
parasitic infestations (demodex spp, mites)
other ( cig smoking, contact lenses)
What are the two components of blepharitis?
- Anterior blepharitis
2. Posterior blepharitis
What location is the anterior margin of the eyelid?
outer portion of the eyelid
What is anterior blepharitis and is it less or more common than posterior blepharitis?
inflammation along the eyelashes
less common than posterior blepharitis
What are the two types of anterior blepharitis?
- staphylococcal-type
2. seborrheic type
What causes staphylococcal type blepharitis?
S. aureus, and S. epidermidis organisms
- through direct infection of the eyelids
- exotoxin
- allergic response
Signs and symptoms of staphylococcal-type blepharitis
inflammation and redness around the anterior of the eyelids
HARD and CRUSTY SCALES on the eyelash
conjunctival redness
What causes seborrheic-type blepharitis
occurs in ppl with seborrheic dermatitis
Signs and symptoms of seborrheic type blepharitis
inflammation and redness around the anterior margin of the eyelids
OILY and GREASY SCALES around the eyelashes
conjunctival redness
What type of blepharitis affects the inner portion of the eyelid?
posterior blepharitis
What causes posterior blepharitis?
meibomian gland dysfunction
What are the 2 types of meibomian gland dysfunction?
- meibomian seborrhea
- meibomianitis
composition of tear film is changed or blockage of meibomian ducts
Signs and symptoms of meibomian seborrhea
little to no inflammation of the posterior lid margin
conjunctival redness
SENSITIVITY TO LIGHT, BURNING SENSATION
OILY, FOAMY, FROTHY, TEAR FILM
signs and symptoms of meibomianitis
inflammation of the posterior lid margin
partial or complete obstruction of the meibomian glands;
applying pressure = THICK, WAXY SECRETION released
Main tip of non-pharm therapy?
good eyelid hygiene for all types
What treatment for mild to moderate symptoms?
non-pharm therapy alone
what treatment for severe symptoms or recurrent blepharitis?
non-pharm AND pharmacological therapy together
List 3 non-pharm measures to treat blepharitis
- Warm compress and eyelid massage
- circular motion
- heat softens secretions and massage = clear blockages - Eyelid Washing
- dilute baby shampoo, eyelid cleaner, light tough
- removes buildup and debris - Artificial Tears
- symptomatic relief
- dry eye or for ppl that smoke or use contact lenses
Why are ointments preferred instead of drops for the treatment of anterior blepharitis?
easier to use
leads to increased contact time
Pharmacological treatment for anterior blepharitis?
- erythromycin 0.5% qhs 1 x week
2. Fucithalmic 1% viscous drops 1 gtt q12h x 1 week (viscous = longer contact time)
