Block 1

Question 1

Part of the heart formed by the inferolateral part of the left ventricle

Answer 1

Apex

Question 2

Part of the heart formed mostly by the left atrium

Answer 2

Base

Question 3

General transposition of thoracic and abdominal viscera

Answer 3

Situs inversus totalis

Question 4

Congenital abnormality where apex of the heart is facing right instead of left

Answer 4

Isolated dextrocardia

Question 5

Fibrous pericardial layer attaches to the _____________

Answer 5

Central tendon of the diaphragm

Question 6

Pericardial layers (superficial to deep)

Answer 6

Fibrous pericardium, parietal pericardium, pericardial cavity, epicardium (visceral pericardium), myocardium, endocardium, heart chamber

Question 7

Heart wall layers (superficial to deep)

Answer 7

Epicardium, myocardium, endocardium

Question 8

Pouch like structures on each atria that can increase collecting and pumping capacity of the atria.

Answer 8

Auricles

Question 9

Externally separates atria from ventricle

Answer 9

Coronary sulcus (atrioventricular)

Question 10

Externally separates right and left ventricles

Answer 10

Interventricular sulcus

Question 11

Special ridges of muscle found in anterior portion of right atrium

Answer 11

Pectinate muscles

Question 12

Dividing line in right atrium (smooth surface transition to pectinate muscles)

Answer 12

Crista terminalis

Question 13

Tricuspid and bicuspid valves are connected to the ____________

Answer 13

Chordae tendineae

Question 14

Muscles connected to chordae tendineae

Answer 14

Papillary muscles

Question 15

Raised bundles/bridges of cardiac muscle fibers

Answer 15

Trabeculae carneae

Question 16

Blood passes from the right atrium to right ventricle through this

Answer 16

Tricuspid valve (right AV)

Question 17

The moderator band is located in the ________

Answer 17

Right ventricle

Question 18

Blood passes from the right ventricle into the pulmonary trunk through the ___________

Answer 18

Pulmonic valve (semilunar)

Question 19

In the left atrium, the pectinate muscles are confined to the __________

Answer 19

Auricle

Question 20

Blood passes from left atrium into the left ventricle through the __________

Answer 20

Bicuspid valve (Mitral, left AV)

Question 21

Blood travels from the left ventricle to the aorta through the ___________

Answer 21

Aortic valve (semilunar)

Question 22

The foramen ovale becomes the ____________ after birth

Answer 22

Fossa ovalis

Question 23

The ductus arteriosus becomes the _____________ after birth

Answer 23

Ligamentum arteriosum

Question 24

Pathological process of valve cusps moving in the wrong direction

Answer 24

Eversion

Question 25

During ventricular systole, ____________ valves close and _____________ valves open

Answer 25

AV, semilunar

Question 26

During ventricular diastole, ____________ valves open and ___________ valves close.

Answer 26

AV, semilunar

Question 27

Right coronary artery supplies:

Answer 27

Right atrium, right ventricle, posterior 1/3 of septum, AV node, SA node (25%)

Question 28

Right marginal artery supplies:

Answer 28

Right ventricle

Question 29

Left main coronary artery supplies:

Answer 29

Anterior left atrium

Question 30

Left circumflex artery supplies:

Answer 30

High lateral wall of left ventricle, posterior left ventricle, left atrium, SA node (25%)

Question 31

Left anterior descending branch supplies:

Answer 31

Anterior 2/3 of septum, left ventricle, some of right ventricle, bundle branches

Question 32

Connections between coronary arteries

Answer 32

Anastomoses

Question 33

Anastomoses can provide alternate routes called___________

Answer 33

Collateral circulation

Question 34

Great cardiac vein drains:

Answer 34

Portion of both ventricles and left atrium

Question 35

Middle cardiac vein drains:

Answer 35

Posterior aspect of both ventricles

Question 36

Small cardiac vein drains:

Answer 36

Portion of right ventricle and atrium

Question 37

Posterior cardiac vein drains:

Answer 37

Posterior left ventricle

Question 38

Anterior cardiac veins drains:

Answer 38

Superior portion right ventricle

Question 39

The anterior cardiac vein is unique because …..

Answer 39

It opens directly into right atrium instead of coronary sinus

Question 40

Partial obstruction of vessel feeding surrounding tissue

Answer 40

Ischemia

Question 41

Complete obstruction of vessel feeding surrounding tissue

Answer 41

Infarction

Question 42

Arteries of aorta

Answer 42

Brachiocephalic (divides into right subclavian and right common carotid), left common carotid, left subclavian

Question 43

Movement of ions into a cell

Answer 43

Influx

Question 44

Movement of ions out of a cell

Answer 44

Efflux

Question 45

Act of listening to sounds in the body, usually with a stethoscope

Answer 45

Auscultation

Question 46

S1 indicates

Answer 46

Start of ventricular systole, closure of AV valves

Question 47

S2 indicates

Answer 47

Start of ventricular diastole, closure of semilunar valves

Question 48

S3 occurs during

Answer 48

Early diastole

Question 49

S3 can be normal in _________, but is found pathologically in ___________

Answer 49

Volume overload, CHF, AV valve insufficiency

Question 50

S4 occurs during ________

Answer 50

Atrial contraction (blood turbulence during atrial systole)

Question 51

S4 occurs pathologically from ___________

Answer 51

Pressure overload (hypertension)