Block 1 Terms

Question 1

This is on naive T cells; it recognizes chemokines to bring them to the PALS in spleen and paracortex in lymph node

Answer 1

CCR7

Question 2

Naïve T cells express & binds to carbohydrate ligands expressed only on the endothelial cells of HEVs.

Answer 2

L-Selectin

Question 3

This is present on Activated T cells to draw T cells out of the nodes into the blood/circulation

Answer 3

Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptors

Question 4

TNFα

Answer 4

Cytokine that attracts neutrophils. Produced by macrophages and dendritic cells

Question 5

Cytokine that attracts neutrophils. Produced by macrophages and dendritic cells.
It plays a significant role in linking innate immunity and adaptive immunity
-pro-inflammatory cytokine

Answer 5

TNFα

Question 6

Cytokine that attracts neutrophils. Produced by macrophages and dendritic cells.

• It plays a significant role in linking innate immunity and adaptive immunity
• stimulates inflammation

Answer 6

IL-1

Question 7

Cytokine that plays a significant role in linking innate immunity and adaptive immunity

Answer 7

IL-6

Question 8

This is an example of a Pattern Recognition Receptor in Innate Immunity which activates NF-κB and IRF-3
-they activate microbial function of macrophages

Answer 8

Toll-like receptors

Question 9

This is an example of a Pattern Recognition Receptor in Innate Immunity
-microbial proteins have these, which are recognized by the receptor on the cell surface

Answer 9

N-formyl methionyl receptor

Question 10

An example of a Pattern Recognition Receptor in Innate Immunity

• they don’t recognize our self-cell glycoprotein but recognize bacteria
• when these bind their ligands, they trigger phagocytosis of microbes

Answer 10

Mannose Receptor

Question 11

this is activated by TLRs,
- it is Responsible for genes that activate the cells in the blood vessel in the endothelium that are in the area of the infection; promotes expression of various cytokines and endothelial adhesion molecules

Answer 11

NF-κB

Question 12

this is activated by TLRs, stimulates production of antiviral type I interferons, cytokines that block viral replication

Answer 12

IRF-3

Question 13

this is a part of the innate immune system - they go into membrane and form “carpet wormholes” = cell lysis

Answer 13

Defensins

Question 14

these are important in leukocyte transmigration through blood vessels/inter-cellular junctions of vascular endothelial cells

Answer 14

PECAM-1

Question 15

Present on Endothelial cells, recognizes carbs on leukocytes
plays an important rold in recruitment of cells to inflammatory sites.

Answer 15

E- Selectin

Question 16

Cytokine in innate and adaptive immunity

• released by NK cells,
• activates macrophages to kill phagocytosed microbes

Answer 16

IFN-γ

Question 17

this recognizes microbes coated with C3b (opsonin) to = phagocytosis

Answer 17

CR1

Question 18

Converts O2 to superoxide anion and free radicals

Answer 18

Phagocyte (NADPH) oxidase

Question 19

converts arginine to nitric oxide(NO)

Answer 19

iNOS

Question 20

• Cytokine released by macrophages, recognized by NK cells which secrete IFN-γ for phagocytosis
• stimulaes differentiation into TH1 T-cells

Answer 20

IL- 12

Question 21

Specific for IgG bound Ab, used in ADCC (antibody- dependent cellular cytotoxicity), recruits NK cells for apoptosis

Answer 21

FcgRIIIA receptor

Question 22

Activating receptors on NK cells found in cytoplasmic tails

Answer 22

immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs)

Question 23

• Inhibitory Receptors on NK cells, -Specific for Class I MHC receptors, block signaling from activating receptors
• found in cytoplasmic domains

Answer 23

immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs

(ITIMs)

Question 24

Secreted by macrophages to work on macrophages and inhibit IL-12

Answer 24

IL-10

Question 25

Receptor on T cells that recognize costimulators for signal #2 in activation

Answer 25

CD28

Question 26

Example of a costimulator that is recognized by the CD28 receptors on T Cells. Made by macrophages

Answer 26

B7

Question 27

Product of complement which is an opsonin and recognized by macrophages

Answer 27

C3b

Question 28

Interacts with CR2 Type 2 complement receptor on B cells to activate(2nd signal) along with antigen

Answer 28

C3d

Question 29

Type 2 complement receptor on B cells used a 2nd signal to activate B cells

Answer 29

CR2

Question 30

Invariant and is the binding site for CD8+ T cells

Answer 30

α3 domain on MHC I

Question 31

Variant and form the peptide binding cleft

Answer 31

α1 and α2 domains on MHC Class I

Question 32

Invariant and is the binding site for CD4+ T cells

Answer 32

β2 domain of class II

Question 33

Variant and form the peptide binding cleft

Answer 33

α1 and β1 domains on MHC Class II

Question 34

Expressed on all nucleated cell, present antigen to CD8+ T cells Acquire peptides from cytosolic proteins

Answer 34

Class I MHC molecules

Question 35

Expressed on dendritic cells, macrophages and B lymphocytes and present antigen to CD4+ T cells Acquire peptides from intracellular vesicles (endosomes, phagosomes)

Answer 35

Class II MHC molecules

Question 36

``` Protein chain present on MHC class II to block the peptide binding cleft to stop binding endogenous peptides made for the Class I pathway. Also facilitates the transport of MHC Class II to the endosome from the ER. ```

Answer 36

invariant chain protein (Ii)

Question 37

Proteins that grab endogenous peptides and brings them to the ER to interact with MHC class I

Answer 37

TAP proteins

Question 38

atalyzes the removal of the CLIP peptide and facilitates the binding of the peptide antigens.

Answer 38

HLA- DM

Question 39

What remains of the invariant chain after most has been degraded once it gets to the endosome. Remains in the binding cleft.

Answer 39

CLIP (Class II Invariant chain Peptide)

Question 40

The peptides that bind the MHC molecules and stimulate an immune response. Only certain peptides on the antigens can bind to the MHC molecule so these “epitopes” that bind start their immune response

Answer 40

Immunodominant Epitopes