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Parasite I Final Review > Block 2 > Flashcards

Block 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Trichoptera (Caddisflies)

A

Horse ingest on Dicosmeocus gilvips
Potomac Hose Fever (Neorickettsia risticii)
Avoid Aquatic Habitats
IV tetracycline

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2
Q

Culicidae (Mosquitoes)

A

Eggs on stagnant water
Larvae are air breathers
Culex, Aedes, Anopheles host (canine heartworm)
Anopheles host for Plasmodium
Viral encephalitis, West Nile, Rift Valley Fever

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3
Q

Simuliddae (Black Flies)

A 
Running Water and multivoltine 
Lacerates tissue nor piercing 
Leucocytozoonosis in poultry
Onchocerca volvulus (River Blindness) 
Stable live stock until sundown
(Short antennae and short moutparts)
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4
Q

Ceratopognidae (Biting Midges)

A

Any form of water and decaying vegetation
Nocturnal
Culicoides robertsi (Hypersensitivity, Sweat itch), Blue Tongue, African Horse Sickness
Stable affected horses nightly
(long antennae and short mouth part)

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5
Q

Psychodidae (True Sand Flies)

A

Eggs in Cracks (darkness and humidity)
Phlebotomos (tropical areas)
Leishmania (Dog) and Bartonella bacilliformies (Humans)
(wings radiate in straight line from base to top)

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6
Q

Tababidae (Horseflies and Deerflies)

A

Female suck blood
Breed near water at different stages
Annoyance
Anthrax, Deer fly, fever, anemia
Loa Loa and Trypansoma, anaplasomis, and pasteurellosis
Stable (they do not fly indoors)
(three larval instars, mouth armed with hooks at the top and spiracles)

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7
Q

Musca domestica (House Fly)

A

Lay eggs on decaying organic material
Decay, secretions around eyes, nostril, and wounds by tabanids
Nematode parasites of the stomach of the horse (Draschia megastoma and Habronema muscae)

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8
Q

Musca autumnalis (face fly)

A

Feeds on ocular and nasal discharges and frsh cattle dung
Bovine keratoconjunctivies (Moraxella bovis)
Thelazia infect conjunctival sacs
Wasps larvae kill the maggots
Residual activity

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9
Q

Stomaoxys calcitrans (Stable Fly)

A 
Fly into stables 
Both sexes feed 
Decay Organic material
Painful bite, increase head/ear movement
Habronema microstoma (parasite of the stomach horse)
(long proboscis - bite)
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10
Q

Haematobia irritans (Horn Flies)

A

Back of cattle move to the ventral abd. raining and hot days
Eggs on cow dung
Two week
Impair milk production and weight gains
Stephanofilaria stilesi (dermatitis in cattle abd)

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11
Q

Glossina (Tsetese)

A

All three larval stages feed on fluids from the uterine gland
Imp. Human and animal health

Trypanosomiasis (African Sleeping Sickness)
Nagana of domestic Animals
Education

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12
Q

Hydrate (Head Fly)

A 
Non biting 
Decay vegetation or feces 
Mastitis 
Corynebacterium 
Streptococcus
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13
Q

Hippobosciade (Keds)

- Melophagus ovinus

A

Irritation caused by adults lead to damage fleece
Trypanosoma melophagium
Entire life on the host

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14
Q

Hippobosciade (Keds)

- Lipoptena Cavi

A

North American White-tailed deer and wapiti
Most of yr, pupate and fall to the ground, new host
- Wings break off to feed

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15
Q

Sacrophagidae (Flesh Flies)

A

Ovoviviparous
Spiracles
Sarcophage and Wohlfahrtia cause Myiasis
Pathogens

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16
Q

Calliphoridae (Blow Flies)

A

Brilliant metallic blue, green, or black)
- flies strike because they blow (deposit) their eggs or larvae in meat
American screwworm fly Cochliomyia hominivorax lay eggs uninfected wounds
Mysis of man and animal
Wool Strike
Phaenicia sericata and Phormia regina surgical maggots

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17
Q

Bot Flies

A

Highly host specific

Adults do not feed (vestigial mouthparts)

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18
Q

Oestrus Ovis (Sheep nasal fly)

A

Honey bee
Larvae deposited in sheep nostril crawls into Mucus membrane
Larvipost in eyes
Dichlorovos or Fenthion

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19
Q

Hypderma bovis and Hypoderma lineatum (Heel flies)

A

No mouth parts for biting
H lineatum larvae are found in the esophagus migrate to the back and cut breathing hole
H Bovis in spinal cord than migrate
Larvae occasionally invade horses, migrating to the brain causing fatal neurological disease

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20
Q

Gasterophilus

A

G. nasalis ( gum line and duodenum)
G. itestinalis (tongue and stomach)
Stomach rupture, subserosal abscess, splenic, ulceration
Eggs removed from the haircoat with special fine tooth comb

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21
Q

Cuterebra

A

Eggs lay along rabbit runs and rodent burrow

Larvae found in Subcut.Con. T of dogs and cats

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22
Q

Dermatobia

A

Female use another fly to carry eggs

Larva emerges through breathing hole to pulpate

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23
Q

Anoplura (Blood Sucking Lice)

A

Parasites of placental animals only (periceing mouth parts)
Import. Factor in determining host specificity is the shape and size of the claws that enable the louse to cling to the hair of the host

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24
Q

Linognathus vituli

A

First pair of claws are shorter and spiracles are flush with the surface of the abdomen

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25
Q

Pthirus pubis (The Human crab louse)

A

Large claws, hair of the public, facial hair

Popular dermatitis with discoloration of skin

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26
Q

Pthirus humanus capitis (Human head louse

A 
Pediculus h. humanus clings to the fiber cloth 
Tramist typhus (Rickettsia prowazekii)
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27
Q

Mallophaga or chewing lice

A

Feed on epidermal scales, feathers, and sebaceous secretions of birds and mammals
Tiny replicates of the adults

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28
Q

Amblycera

A

Parasites of birds, guinea pig and only one species of dig
Menopon sp. of chicken
Stout mandible

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29
Q

Rhynchophthirina (Biting louse)

A

Haematomyzus elephants
MALLOPHAGEAN = Trichodectes canis (Feeds on the skin dandruff and secretion)
ANOPLURAN = Linognathus setosus (Capillary Blood Feeder)

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30
Q

Siphonaptera (Fleas)

A

Plague (Yersinia pestis), murine typhus (Ricketssia typhi), rabbit myxomatosis virus, and felineparvovirus
Intermediate host of tapeworm Dipylidium caninum (chewing mouthparts) and Dipetalonema reconditum

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31
Q

Reduviidae (Assassin Bugs and Kissing or Cone Nose Bugs)

A

Hide in crevices by day and attack their sleeping host at night
Triatoma protracta a vector of Trypanosoma

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32
Q

Cimicidae (Bed Bugs)

A

Nocturnal

No disease transmission

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33
Q

Blattaria (Cockroaches)

A

Filth-borne disease of humans

IH of Spirura, Oxyspirura, amd Gongyloneme

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34
Q

Coleoptera (Beeltes)

A

Epicauta (Blister beetles) toxic to horses by releasing cantharidin in Alfaalfa hay

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35
Q

Aethina tumida

A

Attack hives of honeybees

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36
Q

Metastigmata (Ticks)

A

Blood sucking parasites

Toxicosis, wound, worry, and blood loss, tick paralysis

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37
Q

Argas (Soft Tick)

A

Rarely found on the host (cracks and crannies of the hen house)
Egg clutch is laid after a blood meal
Fowl spirochetosis (Borrelia anserine) via fecal contamination and transmit the spirochetes to their offspring via ovaries (transoviral transmission)
- Rickettsial agent (Aegyptianella pullorum) to chicken and geese
-Argas persicus = flaccid paralysis of young chicken

38
Q

Orinthodoros (Soft Tick)

A

Found in cracks and crannies of avian roost and nests, rodent burrows and resting
Larvae do not feed
- Survive unfed
Ornithodoros coriaceus attacks deer and cattle from the soil of their bedding areas
Relapsing fever spirochetes (Borrelia recurrentis) of humans

39
Q

Otobius megnini (Soft Tick)

A

The spinose ear tick, parasitize the ear canal of cattle

  • Adults have vestigial hypostomes and do not feed
  • larvae can survive unfed for two months
40
Q

Ixodidae (hard tick)

A
  • Live in fields or scrub areas where they await passing host
  • Have a shield or scutum that cover the entire dorsal surface of the male but only part of the dorsal surface of the female (Rhipicephalus)
    -Larvae, nymphs, and adults feed only once
    Transovarial Transmission (Babesia bigemia)
    One Host ticks as a vector (Boophilus)
    Bovine piroplasmosis, louping ill
    Lyme Disease
41
Q

Ixodes dammini

A

Three host tick
Feed on mice and voles as larva and nymph and on deer as adult
Microtine piroplasmosis (Babesia microti)
Lyme disease (Borrelia bugdorferi)
Human granualocytic ehrlichiosis
- White-footed mouse, Permyscus leucopus, is the reservoir host for Borrelia burgdorferi and a larvae for Ixodes dammini
White tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus, serve as a host to the adult tick

42
Q

Haemaphysalis

A

Babesia and Anaplasma

43
Q

Rhipicephalus (Brown Dog Tick) Sanguineus

A

Feed on dogs
Tropical and Warmer species
Unfed adults may survive for well over a year

44
Q

Rhipicephalus annulatus

A

One host
Transovarial vector of bovine piroplasmosis
Reported to authorities, transmit bovine piroplasmosis, B. bigemina

45
Q

Dermacentor Variabilis (American Dog Tick)

A

Rocky Mountain spotted fever (Rickettsia rickettsi) and tularemia (Francisella tularensis)

46
Q

Dermacentor Andersoni (Rocky Mountain Wood Tick)

A

Several years

Rocky Moutain spotted fever, tularemia, Colorado tick fever, and Q fever and causes tick paralysis

47
Q

Dermacentor Nitens (Tropical Horse Tick)

A 
External Ear Canals 
Equine piroplasmosis (Babesia caballi)
48
Q

Dermacentor Albipictus

A

Deer, elk, Mouse

Hair loss and fat reduction

49
Q

Amblyomma

A 
Tick Fever 
Rocky Mountain spotted Fever 
Tick Paralysis: 
     - Ehrlichia chaffeensis 
     - Ehrlichia ewingi 
African species of Amblyomma transmit heartwater (Cowdria ruminantium) of cattle
50
Q

Dermanyssus

A

Eggs deposited on the diurnal hiding places
Six-legged non-feeding larva
Chicken
Amt. of blood sucked can kill nestlings and reduce egg production
Role unclear

51
Q

Liponyssoides sanguineus (House Mouse)

A

Rickettsial Pox (Rickettsia akari) of humans

52
Q

Ornithonyssus

A

Black or Red gut

Chelicerae are stouter

53
Q

O. bacoti and Liponyssoides

A

Rodents, they attack humans in absence of the normal hosts

54
Q

O. Sylviarum

A

Northern fowl mite

55
Q

O. bursa

A

Tropical Fowl Mite

56
Q

O. bacoti

A

Tropical Rat Mite
Pest in Lab rodent stock
Intermediate host for Litomosoides carinii, (cotton rat)

57
Q

O. spp

A

Remain for long period on the hose (blood loss)

58
Q

Ophionyssus natricis

A

Snake mite

Lifting of the scales

59
Q

Raillietia auris

A

Parasite of the ears of cattle, causes ulceration and blockage of the auditory canal by pus, resulting in hearing loss
Horner’s Syndrome
Ivermectin Does not work

60
Q

Pneumonyssis simicola

A

Lung parenchyma of most Macaca mulatta monkey
Causes lesions mistaken as TB
Separate Monkeys

61
Q

Pneumonyssoides Caninum (Dogs)

A

Chronic Sneezing

Subcutaneous adm. Ivermectin

62
Q

Rhinonyssidae

A

Sternostome tracheacolum
Canaries domestic birds
No clinical symptoms or Chronic Respiratory
Moistening or parting the feathers in the neck region – (mites appear as shadowy spots in the trachea)

63
Q

Varroa Jacobsoni (parasite of the Honey bee)

A

Colony Collapse
They suck hemolymph from adult bees and the brood
Female sealed in brood capsule with the larvae bees

64
Q

Sarcoptes Scabiei

A

Cause mange or scabies

Selamectin, Ivermectin

65
Q

Notoedres

A

Sm. Sacroptes
Notoedres cati: Face mange of the cats
Lime sulfur

66
Q

Knemidokoptes mutans

A

Scaly leg in birds

67
Q

Psoroptidae

A

Psoroptes ovis causes mange remains at the base of the hairs does not burrow in the epidermis
Psoroptes Cuniculis causes ear canker in rabbits

68
Q

Chorioptes bovis

A

Asymptomatic Infestation is more common that obvious dermatitis and causes deterioration of semen quality
Eprinomectin for lactating diary cattle

69
Q

Felicole subrostratus

A

The only louse found on cats

An infestation of lice is called pediculosis

70
Q

Ctenocephallides

A

C. felis and C. canis are parasites of many domestic and wild mammals have genal and pronotal combs

71
Q

Cediopsylla

A

Rabbit Flea

72
Q

Echinophaga

A

of the poultry (heads, eyelids, ear canal of dogs, cats, no combs

73
Q

Xenopsylla

A

a rat flea and biological vector of plague (Yersinia pesitis) and typhus (Ricketssia typhi) Vertical rod on the mesothorax distinguish them from the human flea

74
Q

Pulex irritans

A

the humans flea

75
Q 
Order Siphonaptera (Flea) 
Treatment
A

Lufenuron - inhibitor
Fipronil - block the passage of chloride ions of GABA
Imidacloprid - blocks nicotinic acetlycholine

76
Q

Characteristics of a Tick and Mite

A

Head, thorax and abdomen are fused. No antennae and no mandbiles. Mouth parts (palps, chelicerae and hypostome) + basic capituli form a capitulim or gnathosome

77
Q

Ixodes holocyclus

A

Australia is the most virulent tick paralysis producer known

78
Q

Ixodes pacificus

A

tick paralysis in North America

79
Q

Ixodes

A

are vector of lyme disease in North America

80
Q

Tick paralysis

A

ascending paralysis caused by absorption of toxins from saliva of the female tick

81
Q

Blood Loss

A

“Tick worry” which is loss of blood, pain and swelling, secondary infection, myiasis and absorption of toxins lead to ill thrift of animal

82
Q

Cryptostigmata

A

Oribatid Mites

83
Q

Demodex

A

They live in the hair follicles and sebaceous glands of mammals. They cause disease in immunodeficiency animals

84
Q

Demodex foliculorum and D. brevis

A

Human face

85
Q

Cheytletiellidae

A

“walking dandruff”

86
Q

Myobiidae

A

Causes dermatitis in stocks of laboratory rodents

87
Q

Harpyrhynchidae

A

cause mangelike conditions in birds

88
Q

Trombiculidae

A

Larvae Chiggers

89
Q

Pyemotidae

A

Hay itch mites

90
Q

Acarapis woodi

A

Tracheal mite of honey bee

91
Q

Plentastomida (Linguatula serrata)

A

Occurs in the nasal and paranasal sinuses of dogs and cats (causes bleeding, inflammation and respiration problems)

92
Q

Crustacea

A

IH of both cestodes and nematodes

Shrimp shapes

Parasite I Final Review (5 decks)

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