Block 2

Question 1

CNS

Answer 1

1) Brain

2) spinal cord

Question 2

PNS

Answer 2

1) Efferent nerves: nerves that leave CNS carrying info from brain to body
2) Afferent nerves: nerves that enter the CNS carrying info from body tissues to brain

Question 3

Efferent portion of PNS is divided into…

Answer 3

1) ANS

2) Somatic nervous system

Question 4

ANS is further divided into..

Answer 4

1) SNS

2) PNS

Question 5

Function of ANS

Answer 5

• Inn. the heart, blood vessels, visceral organs, glands, and virtually all other organs that are made of all or some smooth muscle
• beyond conscious control

Question 6

Somatic Nervous System involved in…

Answer 6

Voluntary controlled functions

- ex: contraction of skeletal muscles

Question 7

Afferent neurons

Answer 7

• important in reflex reg of ANS

- ex: baroreceptor reflex, emotional stimuli

Question 8

Efferent neurons are divided into…

Answer 8

1) PREganglionic

2) POSTganglionic

Question 9

PNS preganglionic originate from where? Synapse where?

Answer 9

CNs 3, 7, 9, 10, and S2-S4

Near effector organ

Question 10

SNS originate from where? Synapse where?

Answer 10

T1-T12, L1-L5

&

Synapses in sympathetic chain

Question 11

The 1st NT is always?

Answer 11

ACh

Question 12

The 1st receptor that is always activated is??

Answer 12

Nicotinic

Question 13

Name the 2 types of Nicotinic receptors:

Answer 13

Nm: neuromuscular (voluntary)

Nn: in CNS? (Involuntary)

Question 14

Name the NT found with sweat glands (sympathetic). What type of receptor?

Answer 14

ACh
(Cholinergic)

M

Question 15

Name NT found with cardiac, smooth muscle, gland cells, nerve terminals (Sympathetic). What type of receptor?

Answer 15

Norepinephrine
(Adrenergic)

Alpha or Beta

Question 16

Name NT found with cardiac, smooth muscle, gland cells, nerve terminals (Parasympathetic). What type of receptor?

Answer 16

ACh
(Cholinergic)

M

Question 17

Name NT found with renal vascular smooth muscle (Sympathetic)? What type to receptor?

Answer 17

Dopamine
(Dopaminergic)

D1

Question 18

Name NT found in blood that is released by adrenal medulla to elicit a neurohumoral response? What type of receptor?

Answer 18

80% Epi, 20% NE

Adrenergic

Question 19

Medulla –(ACh)–> nicotinic –(ACh)–> muscarinic

What’s the target?
Parasympathetic or sympathetic?

Answer 19

Cardiac and smooth muscle, gland cells, nerve terminals

Parasympathetic

Question 20

Spinal cord –(ACh)–> nicotinic –(ACh)–> muscarinic

What’s the target?
Parasympathetic or sympathetic?

Answer 20

Sweat glands

Sympathetic

Question 21

Spinal cord –(ACh)–> nicotinic –(NE)–> alpha or beta

What’s the target?
Parasympathetic or sympathetic?

Answer 21

Cardiac and smooth muscle, gland cells, nerve terminals

Sympathetic

Question 22

Spinal cord –(ACh)–> nicotinic –(D)–> D1

What’s the target?
Parasympathetic or sympathetic?

Answer 22

Renal vascular smooth muscle

Sympathetic

Question 23

Spinal cord –(ACh)–> nicotinic –(80% Epi, 20% NE)–> into blood

What’s the target?
Parasympathetic or sympathetic?

Answer 23

Distant Adrenergic receptor

Sympathetic

Question 24

Spinal cord –(ACh)–> Nm

What’s the target?
Parasympathetic or sympathetic?

Answer 24

Skeletal muscle

Neither. Somatic.

Question 25

What type of response would a muscarinic agonist elicit?

Answer 25

- decr HR (bradycardia) - bronchoconstricts - pupil constriction (miosis) - ciliary body contraction (accommodation) - incr GI motility & tone - incr urination (contraction of detrusor, relaxation of trigone & sphincter) - stimulates tears - stimulates erection

Question 26

What type of response would a muscarinic antagonist elicit?

Answer 26

- incr HR (tachycardia) - blood vessel dilation - bronchodilates - pupil dilation (mydriasis) - ciliary body relaxation (distance vision) - decr GI motility & tone - decr urination (relaxation of detrusor, contraction of trigone & sphincter) - stimulates ejaculation