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Block 3 Flashcards

(66 cards)

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1
Q

levodopa (L-dopa)

A

Dopamine precursor

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2
Q

Pramiprexole

A

Dopamine receptor agonist (synthetic)

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3
Q

Ropinirole

A

Dopamine receptor agonist (synthetic)

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4
Q

Rotigotine

A

Dopamine receptor agonist (synthetic)

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5
Q

Carbidopa

A

Dopa-decarboxylase inhibitor

Stops breakdown of levodopa in the periphery by inhibiting dopa-decarboxylase

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6
Q

Benserazide

A

Dopa-decarboxylase inhibitor

Stops breakdown of levodopa in the periphery by inhibiting dopa-decarboxylase

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7
Q

Entacapone

A

COMT (catechol-O-methyl transferase) Inhibitor

Stops breakdown of DA in CNS by inhibition of COMT

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8
Q

Tolcapone

A

COMT (catechol-O-methyl transferase) Inhibitor

Stops breakdown of DA in CNS by inhibition of COMT

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9
Q

Rasagiline

A

MAOB (monoamine oxidase, B form) Inhibitor

Stops breakdown of DA in CNS by inhibition of MAOIB

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10
Q

Selegiline

A

MAOB (monoamine oxidase, B form) Inhibitor

Stops breakdown of DA in CNS by inhibition of MAOIB

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11
Q

Orphenadrine

A

Anticholinergic

Muscarinic cholinergic receptor antagonist

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12
Q

Procyclidine

A

Anticholinergic

Muscarinic cholinergic receptor antagonist

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13
Q

Trihexphenidyl

A

Anticholinergic

Muscarinic cholinergic receptor antagonist

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14
Q

Amantadine

A

Anti-Parkinson

Antiviral. Glutamate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, dopamine agonist

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15
Q

Tetrabenzine

A

Dopamine-depleting drugs

Blocks VMAT, preventing uptake of DA into vesicles

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16
Q

Paracetamol

A

Weak analgesic/antipyretic

Non-selective COX inhibitor (CNS)

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17
Q

Give 4 examples of NSAIDs and their mechanism

A

Aspirin, ibuprofen, diclofenac, naproxen

Non-selective COX inhibitor

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18
Q

Celecoxib

A

COX2-selective inhibitor (NSAID)

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19
Q

Etoricoxib

A

COX2-selective inhibitor (NSAID)

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20
Q

Codeine

A

Weak opioid analgesic

Opioid receptor agonist

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21
Q

Dihydrocodeine

A

Opioid receptor agonist

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22
Q

Morphine

A

Strong opioid analgesic

Opioid receptor agonist

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23
Q

Diamorphine

A

Strong opioid analgesic

Opioid receptor agonist

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24
Q

Buprenorphine

A

partial/mixed agonist-antagonist opioid analgesics
Used in the management of opioid addiction

Opioid receptor agonist (μ)/antagonist (κ)

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25
Naloxone
Opioid receptor antagonist
26
Naltrexone
Opioid receptor antagonist
27
Tramadol
Opioid receptor agonist and serotonin/noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor
28
Methadone
Used in the management of opioid addiction Opioid receptor agonist
29
Gabapentin
Anti-epileptic drug but also used to treat neuropathic pain Inhibits VDCC, increases GABA transmission
30
Pregabalin
Anti-epileptic drug but also used to treat neuropathic pain Inhibits VDCC
31
Carbamazepine
Anti-epileptic drug but also used to treat neuropathic pain Sodium channel blocker
32
Name 4 tricyclic antidepressants and their mechanism
amitriptyline nortriptyline imipramine clomipramine SRI, NRI, H1 antagonist, M1 antagonist, Adrenergic antagonist
33
Sertraline
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) Inhibits serotonin (5HT) reuptake pump
34
Citalopram
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) Inhibits serotonin (5HT) reuptake pump
35
Moclobemide
Monoamine (A) oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) Stops breakdown of monoamines in CNS. Reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase A (RIMA)
36
Reboxetine
Atypical antidepressant NRI
37
Bupropion
Atypical antidepressant NDRI
38
Agomelatine
Atypical antidepressant Melatonin agonist
39
Venlafaxine
Atypical antidepressant SNRI
40
Mirtazapine
Atypical antidepressant α2-Adrenergic antagonist
41
Buspirone
Anxiolytic adjunct 5HT1a partial agonist
42
Name two 1st generation antipsychotics and their mechanism
chlorpromazine haloperidol Selective dopamine (D2) receptor antagonist
43
Name three 2nd generation antipsychotics and their mechanism
amisulpride risperidone clozapine Serotonin (5HT2A) and dopamine (D2) antagonists
44
Aripiprazole
3rd generation antipsychotic Partial agonist at 5HT and DA receptors
45
Zolpidem ('Z-drug')
Muscle relaxants/sedatives/anxiolytic-hypnotic GABA PAM (mechanistically identical to BDZ)
46
Temazepam
BDZ GABA PAM
47
Dexmedetomidine
α2-adrenergic receptor agonist
48
Alfentanil
Opioid receptor agonist (short-acting)
49
Fentanil
Opioid receptor agonist (short-acting)
50
Remifentanil
Opioid receptor agonist (short-acting)
51
Propranolol
Symptom reduction (autonomic) β-blocker
52
Sodium valproate
AED Sodium channel blocker
53
Lamotrigine
AED Sodium channel blocker
54
Ethosuximide
AED Calcium channel blocker (t-type)
55
Carbamazepine
Sodium channel blocker
56
Name 3 benzodiazepines and their mechanism
Midazolam, lorazepam and diazepam GABA PAM (γ-subunit)
57
Flumazenil
BDZ competitive antagonist
58
Name 3 barbiturates and their mechanism
Phenobarbitone, pentobarbitone and primidone GABA PAM (β-subunit)
59
Vigabatrin
Adjunct for epilepsy Inhibits GABA breakdown by GABA transaminase
60
Tiagabin
Adjunct for epilepsy GABA reuptake inhibitor
61
Levetiracetam
Adjunct for epilepsy Unclear MoA
62
Name three anticholinesterases
Donepezil, galantamine and rivastigmine Inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (reversible)
63
Memantine
Glutamate (NMDA) receptor antagonists VD blocker of NMDA receptors (NMDA NAM)
64
Ceftriaxone
Antimicrobial drug Inhibits synthesis of cell walls in bacteria
65
Amoxicillin
Antimicrobial drug Induces cell lysis by blocking last stages of cell wall synthesis
66
Dexamethasone
Corticosteroid Glucocorticoid receptor agonist

Drugs list (24 decks)

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