Block 3 - Lecture 2 Notes Flashcards
(26 cards)
Polyphagia
Extreme hunger
Polyuria
Peeing more than normal
Polydipsia
Excessive thirst
ADA criterion for impaired glucose tolerance test
Blood glucose at the 2-hour point during OGTT is above 140 mg/dL and below 200 mg/dL
Hypothalamus role in glucoregulation
Nutrient sensing and neural output
Pancreas role in glucoregulation
Insulin and glucagon secretion
Muscles role in glucoregulation
Glucose storage and utilization
Livers role in glucoregulation
Glucose storage and production
Adipose role in glucoregulation
Glucose storage and adipokine secretion
How much body mass does muscle comprise?
40%
Glucose molecules can be transported to be stored as…
Glycogen
What is oxidized to produce ATP?
Glucose
Important site of glucose disposal from general circulation
Liver
Critical site of glucose production
Liver
Glycogenolysis
Breakdown of glycogen stores
Gluconeogenesis
Synthesis of new glucose molecules
Pancreatic beta cells
Synthesize and secrete insulin. Critical effects of glucose transport and storage in cells.
Pancreatic alpha cells
Synthesize and secrete glucagon. Critical effects on HGP.
HGP
Hepatic glucose production
Site insulin-stimulated glucose transport
Adipose/Adipocytes
Glucose carbons can be stored as…
glycogen or triglycerides
Adipokines with positive cardiovascular and metabolic effects
- Adiponectin
- Leptin
Adipokines with negative cardiovascular and metabolic effects
TNF - alpha
Resistin
Interleukin-6
Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1
Angiotensinogen
Key role of hypothalamus in whole body glucoregulation
Initiate appropriate neural signaling from CMS to peripheral organs to respond to deviations from the “set point” of blood glucose
