Block 4 - Social Justice & Sustainability Flashcards
(33 cards)
What is John Rawls’ (1971) concept of justice?
Social justice as fairness; using the ‘veil of ignorance’ to ensure fair distribution of goods and bads.
What does the ‘veil of ignorance’ mean?
Designing society’s rules without knowing your place in it, so you’d choose fair rules for everyone.
According to Smith (1994), what defines justice?
Justice is defined by ‘who gets what, where, when, and how.’
What is the Gini Index used for?
To measure income/wealth inequality on a scale from 0 (equality) to 1 (maximum inequality).
What is a key critique of distributive justice?
It doesn’t clarify what should be equal; outcomes, opportunities, or something else, and may ignore diversity and context.
What are five forms of oppression according to Young (1990)?
Exploitation, marginalisation, powerlessness, cultural imperialism, and systemic violence.
What are Fraser’s (1997) three dimensions of justice?
Redistribution (economic), recognition (cultural), and representation (political).
What does Moragues (2017) add to Fraser’s model?
Emphasizes both the ‘what’ (economic/social/political) and the ‘who’ (scales/sites of justice).
How is food insecurity defined?
When people lack regular access to enough safe, nutritious food for a healthy life.
What are two dominant frames in food justice debates?
Individualistic (personal responsibility) and Distributive (state-led fairness and equality).
What are key critiques of food justice discourse?
Too narrow; focuses on redistribution and needs but not systemic oppression.
How is justice linked to geography?
Justice is place-dependent, access to resources and life chances vary by where and when someone is born.
What is ‘postcode life expectancy’?
The idea that your lifespan is influenced by your neighborhood or postal code.
What is the goal of Fair Trade?
To create partnerships for sustainable development and equity through trade.
Name 3 of the 10 principles of Fair Trade.
Fair pricing, no child/forced labor, good working conditions, gender equity, environmental respect.
What is a distributed economy (Johansson, Kisch, Mirata)?
A system that spreads production and ownership across many small players, not just big companies, often using local and digital tools to boost fairness and resilience.
What does the territorial/place-based approach emphasize?
Understanding flows of knowledge/materials/people in local food systems to drive sustainable transformation.
What are the six coordinates of community economies?
Survival, surplus, transactions, consumption, commons, and investment.
What is the goal of community economies?
To reshape economies around care, interdependence, and ecological sustainability.
What are the 3 human rights obligations of states?
Respect, protect, and fulfil.
What are the 6 dimensions of food security?
Access, availability, stability, utilization, agency, sustainability.
Define food deserts and food swamps.
Food deserts: limited access to healthy food. Food swamps: oversupply of unhealthy options.
What are the sustainability challenges of urban food systems?
High emissions, food waste, dependence on centralized systems, unequal access in poor areas.
What are sustainable solutions?
Shorter supply chains, efficient logistics, circular economy, community-led models.
