block 7

Question 1

largest system in the body

Answer 1

the skin or integumentary system

Question 2

scabies

Answer 2

contagious skin disease marked by itching and small raised red spots, caused by the “itch mite”

Question 3

inflammation

Answer 3

body’s immunological defense against injury, infection, or allergy often causing, redness, heat, swelling, pain, and loss of function

Question 4

rash

Answer 4

temporary eruption of a group of lesions of the skin

Question 5

decubitus

Answer 5

difficult to heal and possibly fatal sore that forms when part of the body presses against a surface for a long period of time

Question 6

shingles

Answer 6

acute, painful inflammation of the nerve ganglia, with a skin eruption, often forming a girdle around the middle of the body. caused by same virus as chickenpox.

Question 7

joint

Answer 7

structure in the human body at which two parts of the skeleton fit together

Question 8

ligament

Answer 8

short band of tough, flexible, fibrous connective tissues that connects two bones or cartilages or holds together a joint.

Question 9

tendon

Answer 9

flexible but inelastic cord of a strong fibrous collagen tissue attaching a muscle to a bone

Question 10

bone

Answer 10

hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting tissue most of the skeleton composed of mostly calcium

Question 11

muscle

Answer 11

body tissue consisting of long cells that contract when stimulated and produce motion.

Question 12

primary function of musculoskeletal system is to give the body

Answer 12

shape and structure, allow body to move and protect organs.

Question 13

contracture

Answer 13

permanent and often painful shortening of a muscle or tendon, usually due to lack of activity

Question 14

phantom pain

Answer 14

pain in the limb (or extremity) that has been amputated

Question 15

osteoporosis

Answer 15

disease that causes bones to become porous and brittle, causing them to break easily

Question 16

arthritis

Answer 16

inflammation of the joints

Question 17

fracture

Answer 17

a broken bone

Question 18

atrophy

Answer 18

wasting away, decreasing in size, and weakening of muscle from lack of use

Question 19

osteoarthritis

Answer 19

usually affects the hips, knees, fingers, thumbs, and spine; also called the degenerative joint disease (DJD) or degenerative arthritis

Question 20

rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 20

chronic progressive autoimmune disease-causing inflammation in the joints

Question 21

T or F:muscle atrophy (wasting away of muscle) is a normal change of aging

Answer 21

FALSE

Question 22

THR meaning

Answer 22

total hip replacement

Question 23

weight bearing

Answer 23

amount of support or weight a resident can put on their lower extremities ; supporting the weight of their body

Question 24

an abduction pillow is used with a resident who had:

Answer 24

total hip replacement. goes between the legs to immobilize and position the hips and lower extremities

Question 25

T or F: dementia and alzheimers disease are common disorders of the nervous system

Answer 25

TRUE

Question 27

multiple sclerosis

Answer 27

progressive disease that affects the central nervous system. the myelin sheath that covers neveres break down over time

Question 28

seizures

Answer 28

uncontrolled electrical activity in the brain which may produce physical convulsions or distrbances

Question 29

parkinsons disease

Answer 29

progressive and incurable degeneration of the brain causing muscles to become still

Question 30

3 common symptoms of parkinsons disease

Answer 30

shuffling gait, tremors, pill-rolling

Question 31

how to help a resident with head/spinal chord injury who is immobile, positioning ?

Answer 31

assist resident to change at least every two hours to prevent pressure injuries

Question 32

cerebral palsy

Answer 32

condition marked by impaired muscle coordinationdue to damage in the brain

Question 33

TBI aka traumatic brain injury

Answer 33

injury to brain from an external force leading to permanent or temporary cognitive, physical or psychosocial impairment

Question 34

cerebrovascular accident CVA//stroke

Answer 34

blood supply to part of the brain is blocked or a blood vessel leaks into the brain

Question 35

epilepsy

Answer 35

disorder marked by sudden recurrent episodes of sensory disturbance or convulsions (seizures)

Question 36

paraplegia

Answer 36

loss of function of the lower body

Question 37

hemiplegia

Answer 37

paralysis on one side of the body

Question 38

dysphagia

Answer 38

difficulty swallowing

Question 39

aphasia

Answer 39

affects a persons ability to communicate with others

Question 40

vertigo

Answer 40

sensation of whirling and loss of balance

Question 41

quadriplegia

Answer 41

loss of function in the legs, trunk, and arm

Question 42

dysphasia

Answer 42

impairment of speech

Question 43

bodys major sense organs

Answer 43

eyes ears nose tongue skin

Question 44

glaucoma

Answer 44

increased pressure within the eyeball

Question 45

cataracts

Answer 45

the lens of the eye becomes progressively opaque, resulting in blurred vision

Question 46

capillary

Answer 46

any of the fine branches blood vessels that form a network between the arterioles and venules

Question 47

normal changes of again relating to the circulatory system

Answer 47

-heart pumps less efficiently -blood vessels narrow

Question 48

4 abnormal observations you need to report regarding circulatory system

Answer 48

-changes in pulse rate -weakness, fatigue -loss of ability to perform ADLs -swelling of ankles, feet, fingers, or hands

Question 49

MI aka myocardial infraction

Answer 49

aka heart attack, when one or more coronary arteries become completely blocked, preventing blood from reaching parts of the heart and causing the muscle cells to die

Question 50

pacemaker

Answer 50

artificial device for stimulating the heart muscle and regulating its contractions

Question 51

anemia

Answer 51

condition marked by a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin in the blood, resulting in pallor or weariness

Question 52

hypertension

Answer 52

high blood pressure

Question 53

cyanosis

Answer 53

bluish discoloration of the skin resutling from the poor circulation or oxygenation

Question 54

angina

Answer 54

chest pain, pressure, or discomfort

Question 55

edema

Answer 55

swelling caused by excess fluid in the body

Question 56

blood clot

Answer 56

semi solid mass of coagulated red and white blood cells (thrombus)

Question 57

PVD aka peripheral vascular disease

Answer 57

poor blood circulation in the legs, feet, arms, or hands caused by atherosclerosis

Question 58

hypotension

Answer 58

low blood pressure

Question 59

CHF aka congestive heart failure

Answer 59

heart failure in which heart is unable to maintain adequate circulation of the blood in the tissue of the body

Question 60

six risk factors of PVD aka congestive heart failure

Answer 60

obesity high cholesterol diabetes inactivity smoking hypertension