Blood

Question 1

Erythrocytes

Answer 1

Red blood cells, 45% of blood volume, not real cells they lack nuclei and organelles. Function: transport oxygen from the lungs to the body.
Contains hemoglobin: proteins that use iron to bind 4 oxygen. Produced in red bone marrow.

Question 2

Thrombocyte

Answer 2

Platelets. >1% of blood volume, cell fragments. Function: Help to clot damaged blood vessels. (hemostasis)

Question 3

Leukocyte

Answer 3

White blood cells, <1% of blood volume, true cells, lifespan is 1-3 days.
Function: defense against disease, (types: Neutrophiils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils.)

Question 4

Plasma

Answer 4

Non-cellular, blood’s liquid matrix, 55% of blood volume, 90% water. 10% solutes: gases, nutrients, proteins, electrolytes, hormones.

Question 5

Antigen

Answer 5

surface proteins that determine an individual’s blood type, there are A, B, and no antigens which classify the O blood type. Also relate to compatibility in blood transfusions.

Question 6

Rh factor

Answer 6

Determines if someones blood is negative or positive, if the protein is present you are positive if it isn’t you are negative.

Question 7

Neutrophils

Answer 7

most numerous white blood cells (50-70%) multi-lobed nucleus. attracted to sites of inflammation. Uses phagocytosis to engulf bacteria.

Question 8

Eosinophil

Answer 8

2-4% of white blood cells, 2 lobed nucleus, use enzymes to digest parasitic worms.

Question 9

Basophil

Answer 9

rarest type of white blood cell (less than 1%) release histamine: an inflammatory chemical that attracts other white blood cells to site of infection.

Question 10

Lymphocyte

Answer 10

25% of white blood cells, 2nd most numerous white blood cell. have a large nucleus that takes up most of the cell. found in the lymph nodes. 2 types: T cells, and B cells.

Question 11

Monocytes

Answer 11

3-8% of white blood cells, largest leukocytes, have a U-shaped nucleus, becomes macrophages: phagocytes that engulf viruses and other pathogens.