Heart

Question 1

Apex

Answer 1

distal end of the heart.

Question 2

Systemic circulation

Answer 2

sends oxygen-rich blood and nutrients to all body cells and removes wastes.

Question 3

Pulmonary circulation

Answer 3

sends oxygen-poor blood to the lungs to pick up oxygen and unload carbon dioxide.

Question 4

Epicardium

Answer 4

outer layer of the heart, protects heart by reducing friction.

Question 4

myocardium

Answer 4

Thick middle layer, mostly cardiac muscle.

Question 4

trunk

Answer 4

pulmonary trunk, main pulmonary artery.

Question 4

endocardium

Answer 4

thin inner lining, within the chambers of the heart.

Question 5

papillary muscles

Answer 5

cone-shaped muscles which originate from the ventricular wall. their apex are connected to chordae tendinae

Question 6

chordae tendinae

Answer 6

fine tendinous cords which are attached from papillary muscles to the borders of the cusps of the tricuspid valve. prevents eversion (turning outwards) of the valve during ventricular contraction.

Question 7

interventricular septum

Answer 7

A thick wall that separates the left + right ventricles.

Question 8

pulmonary arteries

Answer 8

blood vessels that carry oxygen-poor blood from the right side of your heart to your lungs.

Question 9

Aortic arch

Answer 9

a curved section of the aorta, the body’s main artery.

Question 10

Fibrous pericardium

Answer 10

Encloses heart (like a bag) and has 2 layers:

Question 10

Visceral pericardium

Answer 10

inner layer

Question 10

Parietal pericardium

Answer 10

outer layer -attached to diaphragm, sternum, and vertebrae.

Question 11

pericardial cavity

Answer 11

contains fluid for the heart to float in, reducing friction.

Question 12

Heart

Answer 12

4 chambers, superior chambers are atria (atrium), inferior chambers are ventricles, they are divided by left and right.

Question 13

Right atrium

Answer 13

receives de-oxygenated blood and passes it to the right ventricle. openings into right atrium: superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, coronary sinus, right ventricle.

Question 14

right ventricle

Answer 14

de oxygenated. forms the most anterior surface and inferior border of the heart. openings in the right ventricle: right atrium(blood in via tricuspid valve) , pulmonary trunk (blood out)

Question 15

left atrium

Answer 15

oxygenated blood enters left atrium from the pulmonary vein. openings: pulmonary veins, blood in left ventricles (through mitral valve)

Question 16

left ventricle

Answer 16

oxygenated blood. openings left atrium (mitral valve blood in) aorta (through aortic valve) blood out. left ventricle walls are 2-3x as thick as the walls of the right ventricle.