Blood Flashcards
What are the 3 main cellular components of blood?
Red blood cells
White blood cells
Platelets
What is the average proportions of RBC’s to plasma in a spun haematocrit?
RBC ~ 45%
Plasma ~ 55%
(WBC’s and platelets in buffy coat)
What is the average blood volume in an adult
~5 litres
What is the shape of a RBC and how does that affect it’s function?
Flattened, biconcave discs
This gives a greater surface area for gas diffusion
What substance inside RBC’s facilitate gas transport?
Haemoglobin
What element in haemoglobin carries oxygen?
Iron
Where does RBC synthesis occur?
Bone marrow
- sternum
- long bones
- base of skull
What is the term for RBC production?
Erythropoiesis
What are the main cofactors needed for erythropoiesis?
Iron, folic acid and vitamin B12
What hormone controls erythropoiesis?
Erythropoietin
Where is erythropoietin synthesised?
Kidneys (90%)
Liver (10%)
What are the two main surface antigens on RBC’s?
A antigen and B antigen
What are the main plasma antibodies?
- Anti A antibody
- Anti B antibody
In which blood type does an individual have BOTH antibodies?
O
Which blood type has NO plasma antibodies thus both surface antigens?
AB
