Blood

Question 1

(Direct oral anticoagulants)

Answer 1

DOACs act on final commonpathway of coagulation cascade involving factor X, thrombin and fibrin. ApiXAban, EdoXAban and RivaroXAban act of factor X. Prevents conversion of prothrombin to thrombin. Dabigatran directly inhibits thrombin, preventing conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin. Ultimately all DOACs inhibit formation of fibrin
✖Significant bleeding
✖Pregnancy
✖Breast feeding

Question 2

Apixaban

Answer 2

(Direct oral anticoagulants)
Venous thromboembolism
Atrial fibrillation (prevention of embolus)

Question 3

Dabigatran

Answer 3

(Direct oral anticoagulants)
Venous thromboembolism
Atrial fibrillation (prevention of embolus)

Question 4

Edoxaban

Answer 4

(Direct oral anticoagulants)
Venous thromboembolism
Atrial fibrillation (prevention of embolus)

Question 5

Rivaroxaban

Answer 5

(Direct oral anticoagulants)
Venous thromboembolism
Atrial fibrillation (prevention of embolus)

Question 6

(Iron)

Answer 6

Iron therapy replenishes iron stores. Essential for erythropoiesis. Once absorbed, iron transported by transferrin.

Question 7

Ferrous fumarate

Answer 7

(Iron)
Iron deficiency anemia
Prophylaxis for iron deficiency anemia

Question 8

Ferrous sulphate

Answer 8

(Iron)
Iron deficiency anemia
Prophylaxis for iron deficiency anemia

Question 9

(Vitamins)

Answer 9

Supplementation of vitamins self-explanatory.

Phytomenadione reverses warfarin by providing fresh supply of vitamin K

Question 10

Folic acid

Answer 10

(Vitamins)
Megaloblastic anemia
Prevention of neural tube defects

Question 11

Thiamine

Answer 11

(Vitamins)
Prevention of Wernicke’s encephalopathy
Prevention of Korsakoff’s psychosis

Question 12

Hydroxocobalamin

Answer 12

(Vitamins)
Megaloblastic anemia
Degeneration of foetal cord due to B12 deficiency

Question 13

Phytomenadione

Answer 13

(Vitamins)
Used in newborns to prevent vitamin K deficiency bleeding
Reverse anticoagulant effect of warfarin