Blood and Lymph system

Question 1

Red blood cells

Answer 1

carry O2 and CO2
intracellular structures (+nucleus) ejected during development

Question 2

White blood cells (5)

Answer 2

Neutrophils: destroy bacteria
Eosinophils: anti-inflam and allergy response
Basophils: Inflam. response
Monocytes: microphage
Lymphocytes- immune response

Question 3

Platelets

Answer 3

clotting
formed from stem cells (megakaryoctes) in red bone marrow
membrane bound enzyme packet

Question 4

Vessel walls

Answer 4

tunica interna: simple squam epithelium (endothelium) + connective tissue
tunica media: thickest, elastic fibres + smooth muscle
Tunica externa: connective tissue

Question 5

Elastic (conducting) artery

Answer 5

largest, stretch and recoil (stretching heart) –> tunica media= lots elastic fibres

Question 6

Muscular (distributing) artery

Answer 6

medium, distribute blood to skel muscle + organs –> tunica media= smooth muscle
able to constrict and dialate

Question 7

Arterioles

Answer 7

small, tunica media= smooth muscle cells, poor tunica externa, blood to capillaries, diameter regulates blood

Question 8

Capillaries

Answer 8

smallest, connects ateroles to venules, exchange between blood and tissue

Question 9

veins

Answer 9

collect blood from organ + tissue- return to heart

Question 10

venule

Answer 10

collect blood from capillaries
mainly tunica interna

Question 11

Lymph flow

Answer 11

flows passively along pressure gradient
vessels very thin

Question 12

Lymphatic system

Answer 12

produce, maintain, distribute lymphocytes (immune response)
route for hormones, nutrients metabolic waste

Question 13

B lymphocytes

Answer 13

originate in bone marrow
found in lymph nodes/tissue, spleen
antibodies target antigents: antibody mediated immunity

Question 14

T lymphocytes

Answer 14

originate bone marrow-dev in thymus
Cytotoxic t: destroy pathogens/ab. cells
Regulatory T: regulate immune
found in spleen, bone marrow lymphoid organs

Question 15

NK cells

Answer 15

originate/dev in bone marrow
circulate peripheral tissue: immunological surveillance cells
respond to cancer cells

Question 16

Primary lymphatic organs

Answer 16

produce, conduct, store lymphocytes
generate B T NK calles
ex) bone marrow, thymus gland

Question 17

Peripheral lymphatic structures

Answer 17

where most immune response initiated
front of line first to encounter bacteria
ex) spleen, lymph nodes

Question 18

Thymus gland

Answer 18

posterior to manubrium
source of T lymphocytes
large in early life, grows out

Question 19

Spleen

Answer 19

located between ribs 9 and 11
largest lymphoid organ
filters blood-removes ab. blood cells
initiates immune response ( B T cells)

Question 20

lymph node

Answer 20

filter the lymph
site of immune response to antigens ( T and B cells)

Question 21

Lymphoid tissue

Answer 21

connective tissue