Blood and Spirometry Flashcards
Why are hemoglobins unable to reproduce?
Because they lack nuclei
What is the function of hemoglobins?
Transportation and exchange of H2O and CO2
Deoxygenated blood to lungs, oxygenated blood to the tissues
What does the shape of hemoglobins look like?
Biconcave, -> increase of surface area
What molecules have an affinity to hemoglobin?
O2, CO, NO2
Name Granulo and Agranulocytes:
Leucocytes (white blood cells):
Granulocytes: Neutrophiles (most), Eosinophiles, Basophiles
Agranulocytes: Monocytes, Lymphocytes
Explain the morphology and function of Neutrophiles: 50-70%
They are polymorphonuclear -> nucleus may have 1-5 lobes
Defense in bacterial infections: phagocytize small particles
What is the role of Lymphocytes? 20-40%
Provide immunity, produce B-cells, T-cells, and NK-cells
What is the role of Eosinophils? 1-5%
Kill parasites, control inflammation and allergic reactions
What is the role of Basophils? 0-1%
Release heparin and histamine mediating allergic response
What is the role of Monocytes? 0-6%
Largest of the leukocytes
functions of defense in bacterial, parasitic, and fungal infections since they are able to phagocytize large particles
What is the role of Platelets (Thrombocytes)?
Prevent blood loss from an injury, by blood clotting (thrombi)
What is the Barr body?
condensed inactive X chromosome in female somatic cells -> deactivated by a process called lyonization
to ensure that X-linked gene products are expressed equally in male and female
What is the most important antigen in the Rh group?
Antigen D
What happens if a Rh (-) patient receives Rh (+) blood?
the donor’s cells are likely to clump (agglutinate)
only if the receiver has already formed Rh antibodies?
What is the tidal volume?
Volume of air we breath in and out with each breathe
