IDEALS YEAR 2 Flashcards by o e

AE Amoxicillin/Clavunalate

Common (>10%): Nausea, diarrhea

Less common (1-10%): skin rash, vomiting, mycosis (fungal infection), candidiasis

Tell doctor: severe allergic reactins (SJS), dark urine, bruising or bleeding

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Amoxicillin/Clavulanate Contraindication

-Prolonged result in fungal infection
-Phenylalanine
-less efficient when near to labor (pregnant)

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Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
AE

Common (>10%): muscle pain, tooth discoloration in infants

Less common: diarrhea, N/V, headache, dizziness

Rare but serious:
-Tendon rupture
-QTc prolongation
-SJS
-renal failure
-peripheral neuropathy
-neutropenia

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Ciprofloxacin
DI

-Diabetic agents
-Corticosteroids
-Warfarin
-Aluminium, calcium, magnesium

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Ciprofloxacin
Counsel

-Photosensitivity (use sunscreen)
-Chelation (space 2h before or 6h after taking the drug)
-Tendon rupture
-QTc prolongation

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Doxycycline AE

Common (>10%):
Esophageal injury (sit up straight and take w/ water
Skin hyperpigmentationon
Tooth discoloration in children

Less common: N/V, diarrhea

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Doxycycline DI

-Antacids
-Digoxin (for heart failure)
-Penicillin

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Doxycycline Counsel

-Complete full course
-Take with water, sit up straight
-Space antacids or supplements
-Expect improvement after 2-3d
-Photosensitivity (use sunscreen)
-discontinue in case of skin erythema (redness)

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Azithromycin AE

Zithromax, Z-pak

Common (>10%): Diarrhea, N/V

Less common:
-Headache,
-elevated liver enzymes
-flatulence
-abdominal pain

Rare: SJS, QTc prolongation

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Azithromycin DI

Zithromax, Z-pak

-Statins!!!
-antiarrhythmics, drugs causing QTc prolongation
-Digoxin
-Warfarin

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Azithromycin Counsel

Zithromax, Z-pak

-Complete full treatment
-w/ or w/o food -> suspension w/o food
-Expect improvement after 2-3 days

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CLARITHROMYCIN: Biaxin
AE

-Taste disturbance

Less common: Headache, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, rash

Rare: QTc prolongation, SJS, LFT’s
hallucination, nephrotoxicity

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CLARITHROMYCIN: Biaxin
DI

-SSRI
-Warfarin
-QTc causing drugs
-Digoxin

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CLARITHROMYCIN: Biaxin
Counsel

-Take full course
-Improvement after 2-3 days

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Cephalexin (Keflex)
AE

Common: Nausea

Less common: Vomiting

Rare: SJS, anemia, neutropenia, seizure

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Cephalexin (Keflex)
DI

-Cholestyramine (for Cholesterol)
-Metformin
-Multivitamins
-Vaccine (cholera, typhoid)

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Cephalexin (Keflex)
Counsel

-Complete full treatment
-tell the doctor if a rash develops
-Suspension: shake well, expires after short after reconstitution, don’t mix with food

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Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole
Bactrim, Septra
AE

Common: diarrhea, nausea

Less common: skin rash, urticaria (hives)

Rare: SJS, hypoglycemia, hyperkalemia

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Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole
Bactrim, Septra
DI

-Antiarrhythmics (Amiodarone)
-Methotrexate (for arthritis, psoriasis, cancer)

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Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole
Bactrim, Septra
Counsel

-Complete full course
-Improvement after 2-3 days
-Photosensitivity (use sunscreen)
-drink plenty of water during therapy (kidney complications)

-tell the doctor: severe diarrhea or dark urine, heavy skin rash or allergic reaction, bruising or bleeding

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Albuterol (ProAir HFA)
AE

Common: Nausea, pharyngitis, rhinitis, upper respiratory infection, tremor, nervousness

Less common: Angina, tachycardia, hypokalemia, insomnia, cough, headache

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Albuterol (ProAir HFA)
DI

-sympathomimetics (epinephrine, norepinephrine)
-non-selective ß-blocker (Carvedilol, propranolol, labetalol)

-Diuretics (chlorthalidone, furosemide)
-Digoxin
-MAOI and TCA

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Albuterol (ProAir HFA)
Counseling

Study These Flashcards

-Shake well, Prime
-Inhaler technique
-Rinse mouth with water and spit

Tiotropium (Spiriva)
AE

Study These Flashcards

Common: Xerostomia (dry mouth), upper respiratory infection

Less common: Constipation Pharyngitis (sore throat), Sinusitis, Constipation

Tiotropium (Spiriva) LAMA DDI

-Other anticholinergics -Donepezil, Bupropion

Tiotropium (Spiriva) Counsel

-not for rescue (it is long-acting) -can increase HR -Inhaler technique -Rinse mouth with water and spit -urinary retention, dry mouth, constipation -for Handihaler: inhale the capsule twice (do not swallow)

Breo Ellipta (Fluticasone and Vilanterol) ICS and LABA ADE

less common: -extrasystoles (irregular heartbeat), hypertension, -candidiasis, headache, change in voice sinusitis (runny nose), allergic rhinitis (stuffy nose), sore throat

Breo Ellipta (Fluticasone and Vilanterol) ICS and LABA DI

-beta-blocler (non-selective) -loop diuretics -TCA

Breo Ellipta (Fluticasone and Vilanterol) ICS and LABA Counsel

-not for rescue (shortness of breath) -Inhaler technique -rinse and spit

Flovent Diskus (Fluticasone) AE

Common: Pharyngeal candidiasis (oral thrush) Less common: Epistaxis Rare: severe allergic reaction, glaucoma

Flovent Diskus (Fluticasone) DDI

CYP3A4 inhibitor: ritonavir, clarithromycin, erythromycin, ketoconazole, grapefruit

Flovent Diskus (Fluticasone) Counsel

-don't stop abruptly (adrenal insufficiency) -rinse and spit -Inhaler technique

Paxlovid (Nirmatrelvir and Ritonavir) AE

Bradycardia, hypertension headache, nausea

Paxlovid (Nirmatrelvir and Ritonavir) DI

contains Ritonavir: CYP3A4 inhibitor -Glucosteroids

Oseltamivir (Tamiflue) AE

N/V, diarrhea, headache

Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) DI

Influenza vaccine (interferes with vaccine effectiveness)

Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) Counsel

-take with food to prevent GI irritation -take missed ASAP, skip if more than 2h -finish full treatment -improvement after 2-3 days

Prednisone (Deltasone) AE

Common: GI upset Less common: HTN, impaired skin healing, pulmonary tuberculosis, depression, euphoria

Prednisone (Deltasone) DI

-Antacids -CYP inhibitor: ritonavir, clarithromycin, erythromycin, ketoconazole, grapefruit -CYP inducer: rifampin, phenytoin, carbamazepine, phenobarbitone -Warfarin -FQ

Prednisone (Deltasone) Counsel

-take with food to help with GI upset -take in the morning to prevent insomnia -don't stop abruptly -diabetic? monitor for hyperglycemia

Metoprolol succinate (Lopressor and Toprol XL) AE

Common: Dizziness, fatigue, hypotension Less common: Arthralgia (joint stiffness), bronchospasm, dyspnea, vomiting

Metoprolol succinate (Lopressor and Toprol XL) DI

-Alpha-blockers: Doxazosin, terazosin, tamsulsin) -Fentanyl -amiodarone, dronedarone (antiarrhythmic) -antidiabetic -Calcium channel blocker (amlodipine, felodipine) -Clonidine (alpha2 agonist, for HTN) -CYP inhibitor: ritonavir, erythromycin, clarithromycin, ketoconazole, grapefruit -NSAIDs

Metoprolol succinate (Lopressor and Toprol XL) Counsel

-take on an empty stomach -dont stop abruptly -follow your blood sugar, it masks low blood sugar (bc it slows the heart rate, HR is high with low blood sugar) -tell the doctor when hypotension occurs

Metformin ER Glucophage AE

Common: diarrhea, N/V, malabsorption, flatulence Less common: Headache, indigestion, weight loss

Metformin ER Glucophage DI

-contrast media (Acetrizoic) -Beta-blocker -Cationic drugs -Cephalexin -FQ -MAOI

Metformin ER Glucophage Counsel

-take with meal and water -avoid alcohol due to lactic acidosis

DDI with diabetic drugs

Ciprofloxacin Cephalexin Metoprolol

DDI beta-blocker (non-selective)

Albuterol Breo Ellipta Metformin

DDI with Anti-cholesterol

Cephalexin and Cholestyramine Azithromycin and statins

DDI with Antacids

Ciprofloxacin Doxycycline Prednisone

DDI with Warfarin

Ciprofloxacin Azithromycin Clarithromycin Prednisone

DDI with TCA or SSRI

Albuterol Breo Ellipta Clarithromycin with SSRI

DDI with FQ

Metformin Prednisone

DDI with CYP inhibitor

Flovent Diskus Prednisone (CYP inhibitor + inducer) Paxlovid Metoprolol

IDEALS YEAR 2 Flashcards

(55 cards)