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blood component Flashcards

1
Q

How often can you donate whole blood?

A

Every 8 weeks / 2 months

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2
Q

particular blood component which an individual donate

A

Pheresis / apheresis

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3
Q

the patient is taking aspirin they should be.

A

temporarily deferred until they are cleared for 3 consecutive days

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4
Q

What is the mechanism the aspirin
acetylation

A

it permanently inactivates
the cyclooxygenase

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5
Q

Other factors to consider in blood donation include

A
  • Phospholipid (Phospholipase A2)
  • Arachidonic acid (cyclooxygenase)
  • Prostaglandin
  • Endoperoxide (Thromboxane synthase)
  • Thromboxane A2``
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6
Q

If greater than or equal 15 minutes, the blood component is not applicable for

A

preparation of cryoprecipitate

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7
Q

The blood component preparation is done _____after the collection

A

6-8 hours

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8
Q

anticoagulant in the blood bag

A

citrate

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9
Q

ATP Source

A

Dextrose/Glucose

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10
Q

Prevents caramelization

A

Citric acid

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11
Q

provides survival

A

Adenine

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12
Q

additional source of ATP

A

Phosphate buffer ; Adenine

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13
Q

Adenine approved preservative solution for
storage of RBCs at 1-6°C

A

ACD, CPD, CP2D

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14
Q

ADDITIVE SOLUTIONS components

A

SAGM - Saline, Adenine, Glucose, Mannitol

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15
Q

ADDITIVE SOLUTIONS IN USE IN NORTH AMERICA

A

Adsol
Nutricel
Optisol

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16
Q

company associared with Adssol, Nutricel, Optisol

A

Adsol - Baxter Healthcare
Nutricel - Pall Corporation
Optisol - Terumo Corporation

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17
Q

can possibly revive those outdated packed
red blood cells`

A

Rejuvenation

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18
Q

rejuvenating solutions

A

PIPA – phosphate, Inosine, Pyruvate and Adenine

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19
Q

Rejuvenation is accomplished by

A

incubating an RBC unit
at 37°C for 1 hour with 50mL of the
rejuvenating solution.

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20
Q

If the packed RBC is rejuvenated it should be consumed

A

within 24 hours

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21
Q

the only FDA Approved rejuvenation
solution used in some blood centers to regenerate again
the ATP, 2,3 DPG levels before RBC freezing

A

Rejuvesol

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22
Q

BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES DURING WHOLE BLOOD STORAGE

  • pH:
  • ATP:
  • 2,3 DPG:
  • Plasma Hemoglobin:
  • Plasma potassium:
  • Plasma Sodium:
A
  • pH: Increase
  • ATP: Decrease
  • 2,3 DPG: Decrease
  • Plasma Hemoglobin: Increase
  • Plasma potassium: Increase
  • Plasma Sodium: Decrease
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23
Q

loss or RBC viability

A

lesion of storage

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24
Q

expressed as either shift to the left of
the hemoglobin dissociation curve or increase in hemoglobin
oxygen affinity

A

loss of function

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25
Shift to the Right: increase
▪ 2,3 DPG ▪ Body temperature ▪ Partial Carbon Dioxide ▪ Partial Oxygen
26
Shift to the Right: decrease
▪ pH ▪ Hemoglobin oxygen affinity
27
Shift to the Left: Decrease
▪ 2,3 DPG ▪ Body temperature ▪ Partial Carbon Dioxide ▪ Partial Oxygen
28
Shift to the Right: increase
▪ pH ▪ Hemoglobin oxygen affinity
29
It is the relationship between the partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) in the blood and the oxygen saturation of the hemoglobin.
OXYHEMOGLOBIN DISSOCIATION CURVE
30
Normal shape of oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve
sigmoid shape
31
Three important factors that affects the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve
o pH o Temperature o Concentration of the 2,3 DPG
32
partial pressure of oxygen needed for 50% oxygen saturation of the hemoglobin
p50
33
Light spin
Light spin the whole blood for 3200 rpm for 2-3 minute to produce platelet-rich plasma at 2000 g
34
Heavy spin
Heavy spin the PRP for 3600 rpm for 3-5 minutes to produce different blood components at 5000g
35
Heavy spin for 5 minutes to produce
PRBC, Platelet concentrate
36
heavy spin for 7 minutes for
cryoprecipitate
37
PRBC volume
200mL, stored at 1-6°C
38
PRP volume
250mL
39
PPP (Platelet poor plasma) volume
200mL
40
FFP volume
stored at -18°C, 180-190mL volume
41
If the FFP is stored at -18°C it has a shelf life for
1 year
42
If the FFP is stored at -65°C it has a shelf life for
7 years
43
Cryoprecipitate volume
10-15mL, stored at -18°C for 1 year
44
how to produce cryoprecipitate
thaw the FFP at 4°C then hard spin it, there should be white precipitate appears
45
Storage Temperature o pRBC: o FFP: o Cryoprecipitate: o Platelet concentrate:
o pRBC: 1 – 6°C o FFP: -18°C / -65°C o Cryoprecipitate: -18°C o Platelet concentrate: 20-24°C with continuous agitation
46
should be used to replace the loss of both RBC mass and plasma volume
whole blood
47
Storage of whole blood
1-6C
48
storage for Transport of whole blood
1-10C
49
shelf life of whole blood
Shelf Life Depends on the blood bag
50
Transfused to patient who are having acute blood loss
whole blood
51
used for the rare patient who has anti-IgA antibodies because of IgA deficiency
washed rbc
52
will benefit the most if they are transfused with washed RBC
type I hypersensitive
53
Intended for urticarial, hives and itching
washed rbc
54
The washing process removes
The washing process removes plasma proteins, the cause of most allergic reactions (
55
After using the automated system the shelf life would be
14 days from washing
56
indicated for increasing the RBC mass in patient who require increased oxygen-carrying capacity
packed rbc
57
responsible for alloimmunization
HLA - human leukocyte antigen
58
Preparation of LEUKOCYTE-REDUCED RBCs
Filtration, centrifugation and saline washing
59
allows the long-term storage of rare blood donor units, autologous units, and units for special purposes, such as intrauterine transfusion. Depends on the concentration of cryoprotective agent
FROZEN RBCs
60
shelf life of frozen rbc
10 years (before thawing and transfusion)
61
used most commonly and is added to the RBCs slowly with vigorous shaking, thereby enabling the glycerol to permeate the RBCs
glycerol
62
adding a glycerol which is the cryoprotective agent in a unit of red blood cell for the purpose of freezing
Glycerolization
63
storage for 40% glycerol
the storage temperature is -65°C
64
Frozen RBC is done for the RBC
less than 6 days old.
65
indicated for patients who are bleeding because of thrombocytopenia or, in a few cases, owing to abnormally functioning platelets
platelet concentrate
66
shelf life of platelet concentrate
5 days
67
bacteria that causes contamination in platelet concentrate
- staphylococcus epidermydis - bacillus cereus
68
n Can be used to treat multiple coagulation deficiencies occurring in patients with liver failure, DIC, vitamin K deficiency, warfarin overdose, or massive transfusion
fresh frozen plasma
69
Used primarily for fibrinogen replacement
CRYOPRECIPITATE
70
Also, given to patient with vWDs (von Willebrand Disease), Hemophilia A, and factor XIII deficiency
CRYOPRECIPITATE
71
storage for cryoprecipitate
-18°C
72
Do not undergo crossmatching
o Cryoprecipitate o Platelet concentrate o Fresh Frozen Plasma

IMHM (10 decks)

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