Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

The Blood Vessels > Blood Pressure > Flashcards

Blood Pressure Flashcards

0
Q

Diastolic pressure DP

A

Pressure in arteries when left ventricle is relaxing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Systolic pressure SP

A

Pressure in arteries when left ventricle is contracting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Pulse pressure PP

A

Difference between systolic and diastolic pressure

PP = SP - DP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Mean arterial blood pressure MAP

A

A single measurement of arterial blood pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

____ = diastolic pressure + pulse pressure/3

A

Mean arterial blood pressure MAP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

High number is the ____ pressure

A

Systolic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Low number is ____ pressure

A

Diastolic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Typical reading is ____ over ___ mmHg

A

120 mmHg
___________
80 mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

140/90 or above is considered

A

Hypertension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is blood flow

A

The amount of blood flowing through vessels per unit of time (mL/min) (L/min)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Blood flows ____ in arteries

A

Fastest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Blood flows ____ in capillaries

A

Slowest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Produced as the blood encounters friction and turbulence against the vessel wall

A

Resistance (R) to blood flow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Increased resistance ____ blood flow

A

Decreases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

For blood to flow, blood pressure must ____

A

Overcome resistance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Greatest resistance is in the arterioles and is called

A

Total Peripheral Resistance (TPR)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Blood pressure formula

A

Blood pressure = Flow X Resistance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Increase in BP causes ____ Flow

A

Increase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Decrease in BP cause ____ flow

A

Decrease

19
Q

Increase in resistance causes ____ in flow

A

Decrease

20
Q

Decrease in resistance causes ____ in flow

A

Increase

21
Q

What are the factors that affect flow

A

1) cardiac output (CO)

2) blood volume

22
Q

Cardiac output

A

Amount of blood ejected by the left ventricle in one minute

23
Q

Blood volume

A

Total amount of blood in body

24
Q

Factors affecting resistance

A

1) diameter of the blood vessel
2) viscosity of the blood
3) length of the blood vessel

25
Q

What are the two systems for regulation of blood pressure

A

(1) local

(2) central

26
Q

(Local auto-regulation of blood flow)

Tissues regulate blood flow to meet their needs by producing local vasodilators -

A
  • Decrease O2
  • increase CO2
  • increase acid
  • increase NO
  • increase tissue temperature
  • inflammatory chemicals such as histamine
27
Q

(Central cardiovascular centers)
Cardio____ , cardio___, and Vaso____
Centers in the ____

A

Cardio accelerator, cardio inhibitory, and vasomotor centers in the medulla oblongata

28
Q

What does the central cardiovascular centers do

A
  • help regulate heart rate and stroke volume
  • vasomotor center regulates vessels diameter
  • regulation is done by input from the body sensory receptors to these centers and output from the centers to the heart and blood vessels
29
Q

The cerebral cortex, limbic system, and the hypothalamus are all

A

Higher brain centers

30
Q

Proprioceptors

A

In skeletal muscles and joints. Monitor physical activity or movement during exercise.

31
Q

Baroreceptors

A

Monitor changes in blood pressure in the vessels

32
Q

Chemoreceptors

A

Monitor concentration of O2, CO2, and H+ in the blood

33
Q

What are two of baroreceptors reflexes

A

1) aortic reflex

2) carotid sinus reflex

34
Q

Aortic reflex

A
  • receptors in the wall of ascending sorta
  • sensory input to cardiovascular centers in medulla
  • maintains normal systemic blood pressure
35
Q

Carotid sinus reflex

A
  • receptors in carotid artery wall
  • sensory input to cardiovascular centers in medulla
  • maintains normal blood pressure in the brain
36
Q

Chemoreceptors reflexes

A
  • carotid bodies and aortic bodies
  • detect changes in blood levels of decreased O2 (hypoxia) , increased CO2 ( hypercapnia) , and increased H+ (acidosis)
  • causes stimulation of the cardioacceleratory center
  • increases sympathetic stimulation to heart and vessels
  • increase cardiac output and BP
  • increase breathing rate
37
Q

Increase heart rate and increase heart muscle contraction force

A

Sympathetic

38
Q

Decrease heart rate

A

Parasympathetic

39
Q

Within the blood vessels there are sympathetic vasomotor nerves these…

A
  • decreased stimulation produces dilation
  • increased stimulation produces construction
  • continual stimulation keeps arterioles in tonic contraction called vasomotor tone
40
Q

What are the types of circulation

A
  • Systemic circulation
  • pulmonary circulation
  • coronary circulation
  • hepatic portal circulation
41
Q

From the left ventricle into the arterial system to the whole body then drained by the venous system and back to the right atrium

A

Systemic circulation

42
Q

From the right ventricle into the pulmonary trunk and pulmonary arteries to the lungs then back by the pulmonary veins into the left atrium.

A

Pulmonary circulation

43
Q

Blood supply to the heart tissues from coronary arteries drained by the cardiac veins to the coronary sinus and into the right atrium

A

Coronary circulation

44
Q

The hepatic portal vein receives venous blood from the abdominal organs, passes it through the liver to the hepatic veins and into the inferior vena cava

A

Hepatic portal circulation

The Blood Vessels (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions