Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

The Blood Vessels > Vessels > Flashcards

Vessels Flashcards

0
Q

Blood flows ____ from the in arteries

A

Away

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

What is the basic circulatory route?

A 
Heart 
Arteries
Arterioles
Capillaries  Tissues
Venules 
Veins
Heart
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Blood flows ____ heart in veins

A

Toward

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How much blood do veins carry

A

64%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Veins have ____ spaced valves

A

Regularly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Why do arteries have thicker walls than veins

A

Arteries have thicker walls because they have the highest blood pressure.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the blood distribution at rest?

A 
Systemic venous system 64%
Systemic arterial system 13%
Pulmonary circuit 9%
Systemic capillaries 7%
Heart 7%
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the 3 layers of the vessel wall?

A

1) tunica externa (collagen and elastic fibers)
2) tunica media (smooth muscle and elastic fibers)
3) tunica intima (endothelium, basement membrane, and elastic fibers)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Elastic arteries

A
  • more elastic tissue than muscle tissue
  • all large arteries such as the aorta
  • allow the larger arteries to expand when receiving blood and recoil to push blood forward.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Muscular arteries

A
  • more muscle tissue than elastic tissue
  • all medium size arteries
  • capable of greater vasoconstriction and vasodilation to adjust the amount of blood flow through the vessel.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Arterioles

A
  • small size arteries
  • deliver blood to capillaries
  • smallest ones lose tunica externa
  • called resistance blood vessels because their vasoconstriction increases resistance, and their vasodilation (relaxation) decreases resistance to blood flow.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

ANASTOMOSES

A

Union of two or more arteries supplying the same body region.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Blockage of only one pathway has no effect on…

A 
Circle of Willis (underneath brain) 
Coronary circulation (around the heart muscles)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Collateral Circulation

A

Using an alternate route of blood flow through an anastomoses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are capillaries, function and description

A
  • microscopic vessels form microcirculation
  • tubes of endothelium and basement membrane
  • connect to the smallest arterioles to the smallest venules
  • function in exchange of substances with tissues
  • interconnect like a net to form a capillary bed
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the different types of capillaries

A

1) continuous capillaries
2) fenestrated capillaries
3) sinusoids capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Continuous Capillaries

A
  • adjacent endothelial cells form a tight fit
  • they are the least permeable capillaries
  • most important in the brain
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What capillary forms the blood brain barrier?

A

Continuous Capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Fenestrated Capillaries

A
  • pores/holes through the endothelial cells
  • they have medium permeability
  • most important in the kidneys
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What capillary picks up waste?

A

Fenestrated Capillaries

20
Q

Sinusoids Capillaries

A
  • Large gaps between the endothelial cells
  • They are the most permeable capillaries
  • They are the largest capillaries
  • Most important in the liver
21
Q

What is the capillary exchange

A

Passage of water and solutes between capillary blood and the interstitial fluid.

22
Q

What are the three methods of capillary exchange?

A
  1. Diffusion
  2. Thanscytosis
  3. Bulk flow
23
Q

Diffusion is movement of solute from ___ to ___ concentration

A

High to low

24
Q

What is transcytosis

A

Is movement of large molecule across capillary cells by formation of pinocytotic vesicles.

25
Q

Bulk flow

A

Filtration and reabsorption

26
Q

Movement of fluid and solute from capillaries into interstitial fluid is

A

Filtration

27
Q

Movement of fluid and solute from interstitial fluid into capillaries is

A

Reabsorption

28
Q

What are the two opposing pressures at work?

A

1) blood hydrostatic pressure (BHP)

2) blood colloidal osmotic pressure (BCOP)

29
Q

What is BHP

A

Is the blood pressure in the capillaries that pushes fluid out

30
Q

What is BCOP

A

Is a suction pressure that pulls fluid back in

31
Q

On ____ side of capillary, BHP > BCOP =

A

Arteriole, push > pull

32
Q

Higher BHP on arteriole side pushes water and solute from capillary into interstitial fluid

A

Filtration

33
Q

On ____ side of capillary, BCOP > BHP =

A

Venule, pull > push

34
Q

Higher BCOP on venule side pulls water and solute from interstitial fluid into capillary

A

Reabsorption

35
Q

What is the force that pushes blood through the blood vessels

A

Blood pressure

36
Q

Blood flows from ____ pressure to ____ pressure

A

Higher;lower

37
Q

Blood pressure is the highest in the ___ and lowest in the ____

A

Aorta; Vena Cava

38
Q

Differences in arterial pressure from aorta to arterioles

A

Arterial pressure gradient

39
Q

Arterial pressure gradient averages about ___ mmHg

A

60

40
Q

Difference in pressure from arterial side to venule side of the capillary bed

A

Capillary pressure gradient

41
Q

Capillary pressure gradient averages about ____ mmHg

A

20

42
Q

Difference in pressure from venules to vena Cavae

A

Venous pressure gradient

43
Q

Venous pressure gradient averages about ___ mmHg

A

15

44
Q

mmHg stands for?

A

Millimeters of Mercury

45
Q

______ is very low (only 15 mmHg) and can not account for the return of all the blood to the heart

A

Venous pressure gradient

46
Q

What is the first factor that aids in venous return

A

Contraction of skeletal muscles squeeze veins and push blood towards the heart

47
Q

What is the second factor that aids in venous return

A

Venous valves prevent back flow of blood once it is squeezed past them

48
Q

What is the third factor that aids in venous return

A

Breathing squeeze pulmonary veins

The Blood Vessels (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions