Blood Pressure Control Flashcards
(28 cards)
What dictates blood flow?
systolic/diastolic pressures
What is cardiac output determined by?
multiplying the stroke volume by the heart rate
Baroreceptors
sensors that monitor and control blood pressure
What is activated by the autonomic nervous system?
emotions and genetic factors
What does the autonomic nervous system regulate
blood pressure
What happens if blood pressure is too high for a period of time
it will cause structural damage and weakness to the vascular leading to hemorrhage and death
Hypotension
decrease in blood pressure resulting in a decrease in blood flow that may lead to cell death
What happens before the left ventricle ejects blood into the coronary arteries and the aorta
pressure must rise to propel the blood throughout the body
systolic pressure
pressure generated before the expulsion
diastolic pressure
the lower pressure in the left ventricle before the ventricle begins to contract
What is the difference between systolic and diastolic pressure?
pulse pressure
pulse pressure
referred to the net pressure generated by each heartbeat or cardiac contraction pumps blood to the body
Stroke volume
pulse pressure is directly related to the amount of blood pumped by each contraction of the heart
Stroke volume is determined by what 3 factors
preload, afterload and pressure control
What does preload refer to
the more the cardiac muscle is stretched, the more powerful the contraction
What happens when we exercise
there is an increased venous blood returning to the heart
What happens when there is an increased venous blood returning to the heart?
the force of contraction is increased
What is preload determined by?
the amount of blood entering the right ventricle
Afterload
pressure is related pressure that the ventricles must overcome to eject the blood
The first place afterload occurs
where the right ventricle has to produce enough pressure to overcome the pressure of the pulmonary circulation
The second place after load occurs
where the left ventricle has to overcome the aortic pressure
Contractility
force that muscles generate
Pressure control
regulated by feedback loops controlled by the autonomic nervous system
First cause of death by hypertension
if there is no significant difference between systolic and diastolic pressure, there will be decrease flow
