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Biology 100 Test 3 > The Central Nervous System > Flashcards

The Central Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

What 3 things does the brain consist of

A

brain, brainstem and cerebellum

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2
Q

What are the spinal cord divisions

A

cervical, thoracic, lumbar and sacral

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3
Q

How is memory divided

A

short term and long term

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4
Q

What 3 things alter memory

A

disease, drugs and sleep abnormalities

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5
Q

What is neuronal biology similar to and composed of?

A
  • group of interacting computers

- composed of select group of neurons that are responsible for certain functions

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6
Q

What does ganglia or nucleus refer to?

A

a group of neurons that have a specific funtion

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7
Q

What is an example of ganglia or nucleus?

A

processing auditory signals

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8
Q

What are synapses?

A

connections between neurons

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9
Q

How are synapses characterized?

A

by presynaptic and postsynaptic sites

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10
Q

How do chemicals get from the presynaptic site to the postsynaptic site?

A

chemicals from the presynaptic site cross the synaptic cleft to reach the postsynaptic site

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11
Q

What do the electrical signals do?

A

help neurons receive information, process it and transmit to other cells

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12
Q

Who do electrical signals cause?

A

The release of chemicals at the synapses

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13
Q

What are the 2 types of extensions from neurons?

A

dendrites and axons

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14
Q

What are dendrites?

A

neuronal extensions that receive electrical signals and transmit them to the neuron

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15
Q

What are axons?

A

neuronal extensions that transmit electrical signals to other neurons or muscle cells

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16
Q

In axons, at the synapse, what does the electrical signal cause?

A

a release of neurochemicals

17
Q

What are the 3 categories of neurons?

A

sensory neurons, interneurons, and motor neurons

18
Q

Sensory Neurons

A

transmit external information such as sound, touch, smell and etc

19
Q

Interneurons

A

exchanging information between neurons

20
Q

Motor neurons

A

send signals to the effector cells and skeletal muscle

21
Q

What is neuronal communication dependent on?

A

various electrical signals

22
Q

What are the 4 major electrical signals that neuronal communication is dependent on?

A

Resting Potential
Action potential
inhibitory
excitatory potentials

23
Q

Short-term memory

A

the ability to store information in seconds or minutes after passing

24
Q

Example of short-term memory

A

memorizing a phone number to dial then forget

25
Q

Long-term memory

A

information that is retained for months or years

26
Q

Where is long-term memory stored

A

frontal cortex

27
Q

What is the brain formed by?

A

lobes that work together to process intelligence, previous experiences, memory, feeling and emotions

28
Q

What 4 lobes are in the brain?

A

Frontal, parietal, occipital and temporal

29
Q

What is the frontal lobe involved in?

A

“higher functions”, recognizing future consequences resulting from current actions

30
Q

What does the frontal lobe override and suppress?

A

unacceptable social responses

31
Q

What does the frontal lobe determine?

A

similarities and differences between things or events

32
Q

What does the parietal lobe play an important role in?

A

integrating sensory information from various parts of the body

33
Q

What does the parietal lobe handle?

A

knowledge of number and their relations

manipulation of objects

34
Q

What is in the occipital lobe?

A

the primary visual cortex

35
Q

Why is the occipital lobe the primary visual cortex?

A

the visual signals from your retina re ultimately processed by this lobe

36
Q

What is transferred in the occipital lobe?

A

occipital data is transferred to the parietal lobe

37
Q

What does the occipital lobe have connections with?

A

the motor sensors in the brain

38
Q

What is the temporal lobe involved in?

A

auditory perception

39
Q

What is processed in the temporal lobe?

A

tunes

Biology 100 Test 3 (10 decks)

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