blood supply Flashcards
(26 cards)
Anterior circulation
- INTERNAL CAROTID = 80% of blood supply
–> opthalamic
–> posterior cummunicating artery
–> anterior choroidal artery
–> anterior cerebral artery
–> middle cerebral artery
–> Ganlionic striate (lenticulostriate) arteries
ophthalmic artery
- main blood supply to RETINA
anterior choroidal artery
- supplies:
- -> OPTIC TRACT
- -> Choroid plexus
–> cerebral peduncles
- -> posterior limb of the INTERNAL CAPSULE
- -> globus pallidus
–> putamen and THALAMUS
Anterior cerebral artery
- Supplies MEDIAL ASPECT of the FRONTAL and PARIETAL LOBE and MEDIAL SENSORIMOTOR CORTEX
–> Pericallosal and callosomarginal
–> anterior choroidal
–> recurrent artery of Heubner
Pericallosal and callosomarginal
- Occlusion causes deficits, MOTOR AND SOMATOSENSORY, IN THE CONTRALATERAL LEG
Recurrent artery of heubner
- supplies portions of the CAUDATE NUCLEUS, ANTERIOR PUTAMEN, GLOBUS PALLIDUS and INTERNAL CAPSULE
Middle cerebral artery
- Supplies virtually the entire LATERAL SURFACE of the cerebral hemispheres
–> superior division
–> inferior division
–> lateral striate (lenticulostriate) arteries
Superior division of middle cerebral artery
- Cortex above the LATERAL FISSUE
–> supplies lateral and frontal cortex including precentral and postcentral gyri
inferior division of middle cerebral artery
- Cortex below the lateral fissue
- Supplies lateral temporal lobe, parts of the PARIETAL LOBE
Lateral striate (lenticulostraite) arteries
- branches before MIDDLE CEREBRAL artery enters the lateral fissue
–> supplies BASAL GANGLIA and the internal capsule
–> prone to narrowing in patients with HYPERTENSION
define watershed zones
- regions of the cortex between two cerebral vessels
- Infarcts in these areas can occur with severe drops in systemic blood pressure
Posterior circulation
- VERTEBRAL = 20% of blood supply to cortex
–> posterior spinal artery
–> anterior spinal artery
–> posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA)
–> Anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA)
–> superior cerebellar artery
–> pontine arteries
–> posterior cerebral artery
Posterior spinal artery
- off vertebral a
- Runs caudally on the dorsolateral aspect of the spinal cord
–> supplies dorsal region of the caudal medulla
Anterior spinal artery
- Off vertebral a
- Join its mate from the opposite side forming one single artery
- Runs along the ventral midline of the spinal cord
- PARAMEDIAN BRANCHES supply medial regions of the caudal medulla
Posterior inferiron cerebellar artery (PICA)
- off vertebral a
- Long circumferential branch
- Supplies the inferior surface of the cerebellum, choroid plexus, lateral regions of the caudal medulla
Anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA)
- off of basilar artery
- Long circumferential branch
- supplies the anterior, inferior surface of cerebellum, rostral regions of the medulla and caudal regions of the lateral pons
Superior cerebellar artery
- off basilar artery
- supplies the superior surface of the cerebellum, caudal midbrain and rostral pons
- may give off a quadrigeminal artery to corpora quadrigemina of the midbrain
Pontine arteries
- off basilar artery
- PARAMEDIAN branches supply medial regions of the pons
- SHORT CIRCUMFERENTIAL branches supply intermediate regions of the pons
Posterior cerebral artery
- arises from bifurcation of the basilar artery at the level of midbrain
- SUPPLIES the midbrain, most of the thalamus, medial and inferior surfaces of the occipital and temporal lobes
- MAY give off a quadrigeminal artery to the corpora quadrigemina of the midbrain
–> Thalamoperforator arteries
–> posterior choroidal artery
thalamoperforator arteries
- supply the thalamus and portion of the posterior limb of the internal capsule
posterior choroidal artery
- supplies portion of the thalamus
Wada test
- cannulate the internal carotid artery and infuse barbiturates to put the cortex to sleep
- patient will read passages until unconscious
- depending on speech before unconscious state will determine dominant hemisphere
- primarily done on left-handed individuals
blood flow to rostral midbrain
blood supply to pons
