Blood supply of the CNS

Question 1

Brain recieves this amount of cardiac output

Answer 1

15%

Question 2

Amount of oxygen consumed by brain daily

Answer 2

25%

Question 3

Brain cannot withstand

Answer 3

Lack of oxygen/anoxia

Question 4

How many arteries supply the brain

Answer 4

4. Broken down into 2 pairs

Question 5

Vessels of the brain lie in this region

Answer 5

Subarachnoid space

Question 6

What arteries supply the brain

Answer 6

A pair of internal carotid arteries

A pair of vertebral arteries

Question 7

Pair of vertebral arteries fuse to form the

Answer 7

Basilar arteries

Question 8

The internal carotid arteries supplies this part of the brain

Answer 8

Forebrain, except the occipital lobe

Question 9

The vertebral arteries supply this part of the brain

Answer 9

The occipital lobe
Brainstem
Cerebellum
Spinal cord

Question 10

Spinal cord receives from these areteries

Answer 10

Vertebral arteries

Spinal segmental arteries

Question 11

Where does internal carotid originate from

Answer 11

Bifurcation of common carotid artery

Question 12

Course of internal carotid artery

Answer 12

Passes through neck - cervical part
enters cranium via carotid canal- petrous part
enters carvenous sinus - carvenous part
Becomes cerebral part where it divides into 5 terminal branches

Question 13

Branches of internal carotid

Answer 13

Ophthalmic artery
Posterior communicating artery
Anterior choroidal artery
Anterior cerebral artery
Anterior communicating artery
Middle cerebral artery

Question 14

Where does vertebral artery arise from

Answer 14

Subclavian artery

Question 15

Course of vertebral artery

Answer 15

Arises from subclavian
Passes through vertebral foramina
Enters the cranium via foramen magnum
Joins contralateral vertebral artery to form basilar artery

Question 16

Branches of vertebral artery

Answer 16

Anterior spinal artery
Posterior spinal artery
Posterior inferior cerebellar artery
Basilar artery

Question 17

At which point does basilar artery bifurcate

Answer 17

Midbrain

Question 18

Basilar artery proceeds in this direction

Answer 18

Rostrally

Question 19

Basilar artery bifurcates into

Answer 19

2 posterior cerebellar areries

Question 20

Internal carotid and its branches form

Answer 20

Anterior circulation

Question 21

Basilar artery and its branches form

Answer 21

Posterior circulation

Question 22

Branches of basilar artery

Answer 22

Labyrinthine
posterior cerebral artery
Anterior inferior cerebellar artery
Superior cerebellar artery
Pontine arteries

Question 23

Where is basilar artery found

Answer 23

Ventral surface of the pons, in the basilar groove.

Question 24

What is the circle of willis

Answer 24

Arterial anastomosis between internal carotid artery and vertebrobasilar systems

Question 25

Location of the circle of willis

Answer 25

interpeduncular fossa at base of the brain

Question 26

Branches of circle of willis

Answer 26

Anterior cerebral artery | Middle cerebral artery

Question 27

Blood flow around circle of willis

Answer 27

Little to no blood flow

Question 28

Importance of circle of willis

Answer 28

Acts to provide collateral blood flow /anastomotic flow between anterior and posterior circulations of the brain protecting it against ischemic damage in an event of vessel damage in one or more areas

Question 29

Danger of circle of willis

Answer 29

Common area of arterial malformations/ aneurysms

Question 30

Occlusion in the cortical branch of middle cerebral artery causes

Answer 30

Major motor and somatosensory deficits

Question 31

Occlusion of anterior cerebral artery

Answer 31

Affects the paracentral lobule i.e leg and perineum

Question 32

Occlusion in posterior cerebral artery affects

Answer 32

primary visual cortex

Question 33

Corpus striatum and internal capsule supplied by

Answer 33

Medial and lateral striate of MCA Recurrent branch of ACA Anterior choroidal

Question 34

Thallamus supplied by

Answer 34

central branches of PCA | Posterior communicating artery

Question 35

Optic chiasma supplied by

Answer 35

ACA

Question 36

Optic tract supplied by

Answer 36

Anterior choroidal artery | posterior cerebral artery

Question 37

Optic radiation supplied by

Answer 37

MCA | PCA

Question 38

Cerebellum supplied by

Answer 38

PICA AICA SCA

Question 39

Pons supplied by

Answer 39

AICA SCA Basilar Pontine

Question 40

Midbrain supplied by

Answer 40

``` PCA SCA Basilar Posterior communicating Anterior choroidal ```

Question 41

Medulla supplied by

Answer 41

PICA vertebral anterior spinal posterior spinal

Question 42

Venous drainage of brain

Answer 42

System of cerebral veins---.>dural venous sinuses....>Internal jugular vein

Question 43

Emissary veins connect

Answer 43

extracranial veins with dural sinuses

Question 44

The basilar venous plexus location

Answer 44

base of brain

Question 45

Basilar venous plexus communicates with

Answer 45

epidural venous plexus of spinal cord

Question 46

2 types of cerebral veins are

Answer 46

Superficial | Deep

Question 47

Superficial veins

Answer 47

Lie on the surface of cerebral hemispheres

Question 48

Superficial veins drain into

Answer 48

superior sagittal sinus

Question 49

Deep veins

Answer 49

Drain internal structures into the straight sinus

Question 50

Longitudinal vessels that supply spinal cord

Answer 50

single anterior spinal artery | pair of posterior spinal artery

Question 51

Segmental arteries that supply spinal cord

Answer 51

spinal branches of vertebral, deep cervical, intercostal, lumbar arteries

Question 52

Anterior spinal cord location

Answer 52

Anterior median fissure

Question 53

Posterior spinal artery location

Answer 53

posterolateral sulcus

Question 54

Where does anterior spinal artery supply

Answer 54

upper cervical levels with supplement from vertebral arteries

Question 55

Anterior spinal artery supplies

Answer 55

Anterior 2/3rd of spinal cord Base of posterior horn Variable portion of lateral corticospinal tract

Question 56

Posterior spinal arteries are

Answer 56

plexiform network of small arteries

Question 57

Function of posterior spinal arteries

Answer 57

supply posterior columns, substantia gelatinosa, dorsal root entry zone, a portion of lateral corticospinal tract

Question 58

Below the lower cervical segments spinal cord depends on this for survival

Answer 58

radicular arteries

Question 59

The great radicular artery present at which level

Answer 59

T9-L2

Question 60

Main supply to lower 2/3rds of the cord

Answer 60

Great radicular

Question 61

Spinal cord does not rely solely on longitudinal arteries because they are

Answer 61

end arteries. Input of segmental arteries esp artery of Adamkiewicz

Question 62

Venous drainage occurs along

Answer 62

6 places Anterior and posterior midlines line of attachment of dorsal and ventral roots on each side

Question 63

Veins in spinal cord are drained by

Answer 63

Radicular veins which empty into epidural venous plexus