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Midbrain Flashcards

1
Q

What structures does midbrain connect?

A

Connects pons and cerebellum with forebrain

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2
Q

This structure travels through the midbrain and is filled with csf?

A

Cerebral aqueduct

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3
Q

Anterior part of midbrain?

A

Crux cerebri

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4
Q

Posterior part of midbrain?

A

Tegmentum

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5
Q

Crus cerebri and tegmentum are divided by?

A

Substantia nigra

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6
Q

Midbrain located between?

A

Diencephalon and pons

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7
Q

This connects 3rd and 4th ventricles?

A

Aqueduct of sulvius

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8
Q

Area behind aqueduct of sylvius termed?

A

Tectum

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9
Q

Tectum made of what structures?

A

Corpora quadrigemmina.
2 superior colliculi
2 inferior colliculi

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10
Q

Function of superior colliculi?

A

Controls reflex movement of the eyes, head and neck in response to vision.
Are connected by the superior brachium to lateral geniculate body

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11
Q

Function of inferior colliculus?

A

Control reflex to auditory stimuli.

Connected by inferior brachium to medial geniculate body.

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12
Q

What cranial nerves emerge below inferior colliculis?

A

Trochlear nerve.

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13
Q

Depression in the middle of anterior portion of midbrain?

A

Interpenduncular fossa

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14
Q

Interpenduncular fossa has what structures bounding it?

A

Crus cerebri

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15
Q

Where does occulomotor nerve emerge from?

A

Medial side of crus cerebri

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16
Q

Midvrain consists of two lateral halves names?

A

Cerebral peduncles.

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17
Q

What surrounds the cerebral aqueduct?

A

Periaqueductal grey matter.

Ependymal cells.

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18
Q

Inferior colliculus recieves fibres from?

A

Lateral lemniscus

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19
Q

The trochlear nerve emerges posterior to?

A

Medial longitudinal fasciculus

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20
Q

The fibers of trochlear nerve dessucate where?

A

Superior medullary velum.

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21
Q

Lateral to cerebral aqueduct?

A

Mesencephalic nucleus of trigemminal nerve

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22
Q

Central part of tegmentum in front of cerebral aqueduct?

A

Dessucation if superior cerebellar peduncles

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23
Q

Lateral to dessucation of superior cerebellar peduncles?

A

Reticular formation.

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24
Q

Posterior to substantia naigra?

A

Medial lemniscus

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25
Lateral to medial lemniscus?
Trigemminal and spinal lemnisci
26
Posterior to trigemminal lemniscus?
Lateral lemniscus
27
Types of neurons in substantua naigra?
Multipolar
28
Substantia naigra is dark because?
It is made of incusion granules of melanin pigment in cytoplasm
29
Substantia naigra function?
Secretion of dopamine to inhibit excitatory neurones of basal nuclei Controls muscle tone
30
Substantia naigra is also connected to?
Basal nuclei Cerebral cortex Spinal cord Hypothalamus
31
Crus cerebri is made ip of?
Descending tracts which connect cerebral cortex with anterior grey colums of spinal cord, cranial nerve nuclei, pons,cerebellum.
32
Descending tracts in crus cerebri?
Corticospinal and corticonuclear-middle 2/3 Frontopontine-medial part Temperopontine-lateral part
33
How is lateral lemniscus formed?
Cell bodies of vestibular and cochlear nerves plus superior olivary nuclei to synapse at a nuclei in inferior colliculus-lateral lemniscus
34
Whats the medial longitudinal fasciculis?
Fibre bundle that connects auditory pathway to visual i.e ocular movement and hence CN 3,4,6
35
This structure connects midbrain to cerebellum?
Superior cerebellar peduncles
36
Superior colliculis recieves afferent fibres from?
Optic nerve and spinotectal tract
37
Tracts in superior cerebellar peduncles
Anterior/ventral spinothalamic tract
38
Problem with substantia naigra?
Parkinsons dx
39
Dorsal sensory fibres carry?
Propioception Fine touch Vibration Teo poimt discrimination
40
Fasciculus gracialis is found?
On medial side of dorsal column of sc and controls lower region Travels up to medulla and synapses on nucleus gracialis
41
Fasciculus cuneatus is found?
On lateral part of dorsal sc and controls upper regions. Travels up to medulla and synapse on nucleus cuneatus
42
Internal arcuate fibers?
Axons of nucleus cuneatus* nucleus gracialis
43
Medial lemniscus?
Internal arcuate fibers cross over contrallaterally and ascend
44
Trigemminal lemniscus?
Propioception on face x head
45
Lateral spinothalamic tract
Info on pain and temperature
46
Ventral spinothalamic tract
Crude touch
47
How lateral lemniscus is formed
Lateral spinothalamic tract synapse on substantia gelatinosa and cross over to ventral spinothalamic tract. Some lst ascend straight without crossing over and in ascending mix up with ascending ventral and lateral st to form spinal lemniscus.
48
Responsible for reflex movement of the eyes,head, neck in response to visual stimuli
Efferent fibres from Tectobulbar and tectospinal tracts.
49
Afferent for light reflex
Pretectal nucleus
50
Parasympathetic nucleus of occulomotor nerve
Edinger westphal nucleus
51
Where is occulomotor nerve found?
Central grey matter Pass anterior through red nucleus To medial aspect of crus cerebri Found at superior colliculus level
52
This lemnisci is not found at superior colliculis level
Lateral lemniscus
53
Whats the red nuclues?
Rounded mass of grey matter between cerebral aqueduct and substantia naigra. Red because it is vascularized and has iton containing pigment. At superior colliculus level
54
Present al all levels
Reticular formation | Substantia naigra
55
The mesencephalic nucleus
Found in level of superior colliculi
56
What connects red nucleus and spinal cord?
Rubrospinal tract Dessucation of rubrospinal tract at kevel of superior colliculus
57
Function of reticular formation
Contrils respiratory abd cardiovascular centres Sense of wakefulness
58
Location of reticular formation
Lateral and posterior to red nucleus
59
The corticospunal, corticonuclear, corticopomtine fibres
At level if inferior colliculi
60
Afferent fibers to red nucleus through
``` Corticospinal fron cortex Superior cerebellar peduncles from cerebellum Lentiform Subthalamic Hypothalamic Substantia naigra ```
61
Efferent fibres from red nucleus through
Rubrospinal tract to red nucleus Rebroreticular tract to reticular formation Thalamus Sunstantia naigra

My Own Neuro (8 decks)

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