Blood Transfusion Flashcards
(38 cards)
how many blood groups are there
4
- A
- B
- A/B
- O
what are the three main components of blood that can be transfused
FFP
Cryoprecipitate
platelets
how many units of FFP needs to be given per unit of blood
1 for 1
how long does FFP take to thaw
30 mins
what Lab tests to determine how much FFP should be used
prothrombin time
APTT
what Lab tests to determine how much cryoprecipitate should be used
fibrogen
what temp is platelets be kept at
Stored at ambient temp ~22oC, shelf life 5 days
what antigen is attached to A group
N-acetyl-galactosamine
what antigen is attached to B group
galactose
what antigen is attached to A/B group
both sugars are attached but no antibodies for the antigens
what is the most common blood group
O
what is the least common blood group
AB
what is the universal blood group?
O
what is the universal donor for FFP?
AB
are most people RhD positive or negative?
negative
what happens when RhD neg patients are exposed to RhD positive cells?
RhD negative individuals can make anti-D if exposed to RhD+ cells
state some indictions for platelet transfusion?
massive haemorrhage
bone marrow failure
prophylaxis for surgery
cardiopulmonary bypass
what is an apheresis donor?
the blood is collected by a machine, which separates the plasma, red cells and platelets and returns the red cells and/or platelets back to the donor
- only keeps the plasma
what do RhD negative patients produce in reaction to RhD positive cells?
anti-D
give two examples of how a Rhesus -ve person could be exposed to rhesus +ve cells?
blood transfusion
pregnancy
what can plasma be used to make?
Fresh frozen plasma
cryoprecipitate
imunoglobulins
albumin
what temp are red cells keep at?
4degrees
what should the serum be screened for ?
allo-antibodies
what blood should be given if very urgent?
O -ve red cells
AB plasma
