Blood Transfusion Components Flashcards
(32 cards)
What blood products are there?
Packed red cells
Platelets
Fresh frozen plasma
Cryoprecipitate
Where are packed red blood cells extracted from?
A whole blood donation
What temperature and for how long can red cells be stored?
At 4 degrees
For up to 35 days from collection
How much should 1 unit of red cells raise the haemoglobin level?
By 10g/L
What are the indications for red cells?
Acute blood loss - infusions where large volumes of fluid may result in cardiovascular compromise
Chronic anaemia if Hb <= 70g/L or <= 80 in CVD or symptomatic anaemia
Severe sepsis: Hb < 90
Packed red cells should be given over..
2 to 4 hours (complete within 4 hours from collection)
To be commenced within 30 minutes of coming out fridge - use or return
What temperature should platelets be stored at?
Room temperature only- never refrigerate
What is the shelf life of platelets?
7 days - need constant agitation
What are the indications for platelet transfusion?
Profound thrombocytopenia e.g < 20x109/L
Bleeding and thrombocytopenia
Haemorrhagic shock
Perioperative platelet level < 50x109
1 unit of platelets should increase platelet level by how much?
20-40x10*9
Failure to do so suggests refractory cause
What are the major constituents of FFP?
Clotting factors
What temperature is FFP stored at?
- 30 degrees
What are the indications for FFP usage?
DIC
All massive haemorrhages (commonly given after second unit of packed cells)
Correcting clotting deficiencies in those with hepatic synthetic failure, who are due to undergo surgery or have bleeding
Prophylactically in patients undergoing invasive surgery where risk of significant bleeding
Is FFP recommended for warfarin reversal?
No as more effective alternative treatment available e.g prothrombin complex concentrate
Over what time should FFP be given?
Approximately 30 minutes, complete within 4 hours
When using FFP, is ABO compatible plasma required?
Not required, but recommended
What are the major constituents of cryoprecipitate?
Fibrinogen
Von Willenbrands Factor
FVIII
Fibronectin
(Produced by further processing of FFP)
Cryoprecipitate allows large volume of factor VIII to be administered in a small volume. True or false?
True
What are the indications for cryoprecipitate?
DIC with fibrinogen < 1g/L
Von Willebrand’s disease (most common inherited bleeding disorder)
Massive haemorrhage
In emergency situation for haemophiliacs (when specific factors not available)
Prophylactically in patients undergoing invasive surgery where risk of significant bleeding
What is the universal donor for FFP?
AB blood - it lacks any anti -A or anti -B antibodies
Typically 1 unit of RBCs is what volume ?
200-250ml
What volume does 1 unit of FFP contain?
Approximately 200 to 250ml
What volume is 1 unit of cryoprecipitate?
10-15ml
What is octaplas?
Frozen plasma solution - similar to FFP
Has been treated with a solvent detergent process to kill certain viruses e.g vCJD
Should be used to transfuse patients born after 1st Jan 1996
