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NUR 200-Exam 2 > Blood Transfusions > Flashcards

Blood Transfusions Flashcards

1
Q

After blood is received when should the blood be initiated? and completely administered?

A

30min; 4hrs

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2
Q

What is needed prior to requesting a blood product from the blood bank?

A

An order from the physician, informed consent, pre-transfusion VS and are acceptable and venous access site is adequate

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3
Q

How do you verify the product?

A

Order w/ product, verify w/ 2 licensed staff members and read aloud to each other the typecross match, unit #, exp. date, compatibility on tag and any special requirements, pt ID band/pre-meds

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4
Q

What must remain attached to the unit for the duration of the transfusion?

A

Transfusion tag

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5
Q

If a pt. doesn’t have a name band what is done?

A

Blood product is returned to the blood bank immediately

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6
Q

How often should you check VS, this includes lung sounds?

A

Q15min for the 1st hour then every hour after that including postop

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7
Q

When is the bottom half of the tag completed?

A

If a reaction occurred

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8
Q

What should be documented?

A

Date/time upon completion of transfusion, volume of blood product (I/O), peripheral/central line appearance, any complications

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9
Q

What is the term used to describe the complication where a transfusion of incompatible red cells cause red cell destruction?

A

Hemolytic reaction

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10
Q

What is the term used to describe the condition where a rise in the pt’s temp rises to even 1 degree above their baseline?

A

Febrile reaction

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11
Q

What is the term used to describe pt’s having a pre-formed sensitivity to certain plasma proteins that may be present in the donor blood leading to a mild to severe reaction?

A

Allergic reaction

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12
Q

What is the term used to describe a complication that can occur w/ only a few ml of blood transfused and can proceed to life-threatening shock?

A

Anaphylactic reaction

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13
Q

What is the term used to describe a complication that occurs from a high/rapid volume infusion to pt’s w/ compromised cardiac or pulmonary status?

A

Circulatory overload

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14
Q

Name this reaction: chills, fever, HA, flushing, chest pain, pain in lower back, resp. difficulties, drop in BP?

A

Hemolytic reaction

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15
Q

Name this reaction: Urticaria (hives), fever, edema, itching, chills?

A

Allergic reaction

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16
Q

Name this reaction: chills, fever, HA, flushing, tachycardia?

A

Febrile reaction

17
Q

If a febrile reaction occurs what should you do?

A

Stop transfusion, notify doc/blood bank, d/c IV tubing from IV site, hang NS 500-1000ml @ a min. of 20cc/hr w/ new tubing, check bag, obtain STAT blood sample results should be w/in 30min, restart blood if febrile or return to blood bank if other reaction

18
Q

Name this reaction: acute resp. distress, bronchospasm, loss of consciousness, N/V, abd cramps, diarrhea?

A

Anaphylactic reaction

19
Q

Name this reaction: pulmonary edema, dyspnea, CHF, HA, HTN, cyanosis?

A

Circulatory overload

20
Q

If a reaction other than a febrile reaction occurs what should you do?

A

Stop transfusion, keep IV access open, hang NS w/ new tubing @ 20cc/hr, take VS, verify product/pt, notify doc/blood bank, complete bottom half of tag and send to blood blank and document

21
Q

What should the PICC line be?

A

4 French 18 gauge or larger

22
Q

Where should you dispose of blood bag/tubing?

A

Biohazard bag

23
Q

When are whole bloods used?

A

In emergency situations

24
Q

What decreases the risk of fluid overload and reactions to plasma proteins?

A

PRBCs

25
Q

What contains all clotting factors except platelets?

A

FFP

26
Q

What is always included in VS when giving a transfusion?

A

Breath/lung sounds

27
Q

How should you begin the blood transfusion?

A

Slowly 5ml/min to assess for a reaction

28
Q

What should you do other than stop transfusion if a pt has an allergic reaction?

A

May give an antihistamine prophylatically, run NS and contact physician to determine if blood should be d/c’d

29
Q

What should you do other than stop transfusion if a pt has a fluid overload reaction?

A

Place upright, give diuretics/oxygen, monitor for worsening respt. status and I/O

30
Q

What should you do other than stop transfusion if a pt has a febrile reaction?

A

Monitor temp, may give antipyretics prophylatically

31
Q

What should you do if a hemolytic reaction occurs?

A

Stop transfusion, maintain IV access w/ NS, notify doc/blood bank, save blood bag/tubing, collect urine/blood samples, anticipate emergency procedures

32
Q

What are normal creatinine levels?

A

0.8-1.4

33
Q

What are normal BUN levels?

A

8-23

34
Q

What are normal hemoglobin levels?

A

12-16 women

14-18 men

35
Q

What are normal hematocrit levels?

A

42-52 men

37-47 women

36
Q

What are normal WBC levels?

A

4.5-10

37
Q

What are normal platelet levels?

A

150-400

38
Q

How much does 1 unit of PRBC increase BUN by?

A

1

39
Q

What should you do if there is drainage from the NG tube?

A

Guaiac

NUR 200-Exam 2 (11 decks)

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