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SBI3U-Circulation And Respiration Test > Blood Types > Flashcards

Blood Types Flashcards

1
Q

How many different blood types are there? What are they called?

A

-Four blood types.
-A, B, AB and O

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2
Q

What is Type O known as?

A

The Universal Donor

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3
Q

What does Type O being the Universal Donor mean?

A

-Can be transfused into anyone (no markers).

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4
Q

What can Type O only accept?

A

Type O

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5
Q

What is Type AB blood known as?

A

The Universal Recipient

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6
Q

What does Type AB being the universal recipient mean?

A

Can accept from anyone (because has both markers)

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7
Q

What can Type AB only be transfused to?

A

AB

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8
Q

Describe Type A Blood

A

-Has Anti-B antibodies in plasma
-Has A antigen in red blood cell
-Compatible with Type A and Type O blood in an emergency

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9
Q

Describe Type B Blood

A

-Has Anti A antibodies in plasma
-Has B antigens in red blood cell
-Compatible with Type B and Type O blood in an emergency

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10
Q

Describe Type AB Blood

A

-Has no antibodies in plasma
-Has A and B antigens in red blood cells
-Compatible with A, B, AB and O blood in an emergency (AB+ is the universal recipient)

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11
Q

Describe Type O Blood

A

-Anti-A and Anti-B antibodies in plasma
-No antigens in red blood cells
-Compatible with Type O blood in an emergency (O is the universal donor).

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12
Q

Describe the compatibility of O- blood (as the recipient) with other blood types (as the donors)

A

O-: Compatible
O+: Not Compatible
A-: Not Compatible
A+: Not Compatible
B-: Not Compatible
B+: Not Compatible
AB-: Not Compatible
AB+: Not Compatible

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13
Q

Describe the compatibility of O+ blood (as the recipient) with other blood types (as the donors)

A

O-: Compatible
O+: Compatible
A-: Not Compatible
A+: Not Compatible
B-: Not Compatible
B+: Not Compatible
AB-: Not Compatible
AB+: Not Compatible

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14
Q

Describe the compatibility of A- blood (as the recipient) with other blood types (as the donors)

A

O-: Compatible
O+: Not Compatible
A-: Compatible
A+: Not Compatible
B-Not Compatible
B+: Not Compatible
AB-: Not Compatible
AB+: Not Compatible

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15
Q

Describe the compatibility of A+ blood (as the recipient) with other blood types (as the donors)

A

O-: Compatible
O+: Compatible
A-: Compatible
A+: Compatible
B-: Not Compatible
B+: Not Compatible
AB-: Not Compatible
AB+ Not Compatible

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16
Q

Describe the compatibility of B- blood (as the recipient) with other blood types (as the donors)

A

O-: Compatible
O+: Not Compatible
A-: Not Compatible
A+: Not Compatible
B-: Compatible
B+: Not Compatible
AB-: Not Compatible
AB+: Not Compatible

17
Q

Describe the compatibility of B+ blood (as the recipient) with other blood types (as the donors)

A

O-: Compatible
O+: Compatible
A-: Not Compatible
A+: Not Compatible
B-: Compatible
B+: Compatible
AB-: Not Compatible
AB+: Not Compatible

18
Q

Describe the compatibility of AB- blood (as the recipient) with other blood types (as the donors)

A

O-: Compatible
O+: Not Compatible
A-: Compatible
A+: Not Compatible
B-: Compatible
B+: Not Compatible
AB-: Compatible
AB+: Not Compatible

19
Q

Describe the compatibility of AB+ blood (as the recipient) with other blood types (as the donors)

A

O-: Compatible
O+: Compatible
A-: Compatible
A+: Compatible
B-: Compatible
B+: Compatible
AB-: Compatible
AB+: Compatible

20
Q

How many blood types are found in the human population?

A

4 blood types are found in the human population.

21
Q

What distinguishes a Type A red blood cell from a Type B red blood cell?

A

A type A red blood cell has a different type of antigen than a type B red blood cell.

22
Q

What distinguishes a type A red blood cell from a type O red blood cell?

A

A type A red blood cell contains A antigens, while a type O red blood cell contains no antigens.

23
Q

How many different types of antibodies are there in blood? What are they antibodies for?

A

-2 different types of antibodies
-One for A antigens and one for B antigens

24
Q

When red blood cells are in the presence of the two antibodies, what is the complementary relationships between antigens and antibodies?

A

-Antigens and antibodies have complementary relationships as they have complementary shapes and chemical properties.
-When an antibody encounters an antigen that matches its specific shape, it binds to the antigen.
-This binding ultimately results in the red blood cells clumping in a reaction called agglutination.

25
Q

What happens to red blood cells when they are mixed with complementary antibodies?

A

When red blood cells are mixed with complementary antibodies, agglutination occurs, which means that the red blood cells clump together because of the binding of antibodies to antigens on the surface of the red blood cells.

26
Q

Define agglutination

A

The clumping of red blood cells due to the interaction that occurs between antigens and their corresponding antibodies.

27
Q

What adverse effects might agglutinated red blood cells have on the body?

A

Agglutinated red blood cells might have adverse effects on the body as they travel through veins, arteries, and capillaries, because they can get stuck in these blood vessels. Eventually, even larger blood clumps will be created, which can lead to heart attacks, organ failure, and strokes.

28
Q

Why are persons with type O blood called universal donors?

A

Because type O blood cells do not contain any surface antigens, so it will not agglutinate with antibodies that the recipient produces.

29
Q

Why are persons with type AB blood can receive any blood type?

A

Because Type AB blood cells have both A and B antigens, and produce no antibodies. Since it produces no antibodies, any type of blood with any type of antigen can be received, as no agglutination response would be caused.

30
Q

What is an antibody?

A
  • A protein made by the immune system of an organism in response to an antigen.
    -The ability to produce antibodies proteins animals from infections due to viruses, bacteria, and other microbes.
  • In the case of blood, the body recognizes other blood types as foreign.
31
Q

What is an antigen?

A

A foreign substance

32
Q

What does the antibody production process depend on?

A

The body’s ability to recognize self-and nonself-antigens.

33
Q

Describe the Rh factor

A

-Used to type blood because it too, is found on human red blood cells and causes antigen/antibody reactions.
-These reactions are separate from the so-called ABO reactions.
-In the Rh-factor system, the Rh antigen is either present or absent, leading to designations of Rh-positive (Rh+ antigen present) or Rh-negative (Rh- antigen absent)

SBI3U-Circulation And Respiration Test (55 decks)

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