Blood Vessels Flashcards
(19 cards)
How does collagen affect veins/arteries?
It makes them strong and durable
How do elastic fibres affect veins/arteries?
They allow the vessel to stretch and recoil to accommodate and push the blood
How does smooth muscle cells affect vessels?
They allow the vessel to constrict and dilate in response to the nervous system
Which vessel has a wide lumen?
Veins
Which vessel has thicker walls?
Artery
Which vessel contains more collagen, elastic fibres and smooth muscle
Artery
Which vessel has valves
Veins
Which vessel is made of a single endothelium layer?
Capillary
What is the order of vessels from highest to lowest blood pressure?
Arteries, capillaries, veins
What helps arteries to accommodate the blood in systole?
Their elastic walls
During diastole what helps to push the blood forward in arteries?
The elasticity of the artery walls causes them to recoil behind the blood
Is there a steady/rapid flow of blood in capillaries? Why?
A steady flow, to allow exchange between blood and surrounding cells through the one-cell thin capillary walls
What is blood flow assisted by in veins?
The contraction of skeletal muscles during the movement of limbs and breathing, also low pressure developed in the thorax during breathing.
What is back-flow prevented by in the veins?
Valves within the veins
Why do arteries have the highest pressure?
Because they are closest to the ventricles and they contract forcefully themselves
Why are capillaries the next highest in pressure?
Because of their resistance to blood flow
Why do veins have the lowest pressure?
Because they are furthest away from the ventricles and they have a low amount of muscle
What is the collagen outer coat made of?
Tough, fibrous protein which is strong and durable - stops the pressure bursting at high pressure
What does the endothelial layer protect?
The smooth muscle layer from damage
