Blood Vessels And Circulation Flashcards
(20 cards)
Blood that leaves the heart usually flows through arteries, a capillary bed, veins, and back to the heart but, in a(n) __________, it flows through two capillary beds in succession before returning to the heart.
Portal system
In a blood pressure such as 120/75, 120 represents the ________ pressure and the 75 represents the ________ pressure.
Systolic; diastolic
The subclavians and common iliacs are examples of ________ arteries, while the femorals and rentals are examples of __________ arteries.
Conducting; distributing
Blood flow is a function of pressure divided by _______. The most effective way of changing that variable is to change the _________ of the blood vessels.
Resistance; radius
In ___________, the heart does not pump enough blood to meet the body’s metabolic needs, not because of cardiac failure or a loss of blood from the body but because the blood has accumulated in the extremities.
Venous pooling shock
The ________ vein enters the helium of the liver, carrying most of the nutrients absorbed by the small intestine.
Hepatic portal
The only blood vessels with valves
Veins
Initiated by stretch receptors in the heart wall and major arteries
Baroreflex
Insufficient blood supply
Ischemia
Blood normally enters a capillary bed from a:
Metateriole
Arteriovenous _________ are routes by which some blood bypasses the capillaries.
Anastomoses
The growth of new blood vessels into an ischemic tissue is called:
Angiogenesis
The secretion of ________ causes the blood pressure to drop.
Histamine
Pulse pressure is high in the aorta and lower in the arterioles mainly because of:
The distensibility and elasticity of the arteries
The vasa vasorum are:
Small vessels that supply blood to the tissues of large vessels
Excessive fluid looks by perspiration or hemorrhage is most likely to cause:
Hypovolemic shock
The brachial artery ends near the elbow, where it gives rise to the:
Radial and ulnar arteries
Valves occur in:
Some medium veins
A person with a blood pressure of 149/95 has a mean arterial blood pressure of about ______ and is at risk for kidney failure and artherosclerosis.
117 mmHG
The baroreflex causes:
A decrease in sympathetic tone when blood pressure rises
