blood & Videos

Question 1

hemostasis -

Answer 1

a term means to stop bleeding -prevents exsanguination following injury, trauma and or surgery

Question 2

zymogens

Answer 2

inactive enzymatic precursors of most coagulation factors

Question 3

proteases

Answer 3

catalyst transforming inactive into an active state

Question 4

extrinsic factor

Answer 4

7

Question 5

intrinsic factor

Answer 5

9, 11, 12, (8)

Question 6

common pathway factor

Answer 6

10, 2, 13

Question 7

pathway for pt

Answer 7

extrinsic

Question 8

pathway for ptt

Answer 8

intrinsic

Question 9

what does the post op anabolic state do to coagulation factors

Answer 9

increases hemostatic factors for several days

Question 10

factor 1

Answer 10

fibrinogen

Question 11

factor 2

Answer 11

prothrombin

Question 12

factor 3

Answer 12

thromboplastin /tissue factor

Question 13

factor Iv

Answer 13

calcium

Question 14

factor V

Answer 14

labile factor/proccelerin

Question 15

factor VII

Answer 15

SPCA- serum prothrombin converting accelerator

Question 16

factor VIII

Answer 16

anti hemophilic a factor

Question 17

factor IX

Answer 17

christmas factor

Question 18

factor X

Answer 18

stuart factor

Question 19

factor XI

Answer 19

plasma thrombplastin antecedent

Question 20

factor XII

Answer 20

hageman factor

Question 21

Factor XIII

Answer 21

fibrin stabilizing factor

Question 22

because of loss of vascular endothelial function and other prohemostatis changes, venous and arterial thromboembolic events -when does this occur

Answer 22

increases with age.

Question 23

antiphospholipid syndrome is caused by

Answer 23

lupus anticoagulant (phoslipid binding antibody)

Question 24

antiphospholipid syndrome- cause by lupus anticoagulant will present with

Answer 24

prolonged prothrombin times and partial thromboplastin times

BUT-they are hyper coagulable.

Question 25

what is the most common cause of thrombocytopenia in the perioperative setting

Answer 25

dilutional effect following volume resuscitation

Question 26

treatment for DIC

Answer 26

antibiotics removed underlying problem instituting anticoagulation *support organs

Question 27

at the center of hemostasis is the ability to generate

Answer 27

thrombin

Question 28

thrombin plays a role in activation of additional

Answer 28

coagulation factors

Question 29

What factor activates Factor 10?

Answer 29

factor 9a

Question 30

the first factor in the common pathway

Answer 30

factor 10

Question 31

factor 7 converts to 7a through

Answer 31

Tissue factor (factor 3)

Question 32

10a acts as a protease and converts

Answer 32

``` factor 2 (prothrombin) to factor 2a (thrombin) ```

Question 33

Thrombin converts

Answer 33

fibrinogen to fibrin (monomer)

Question 34

Fibrin clot is eventually broken down by

Answer 34

fibrinolytic

Question 35

plasminogen --> plasmin is the ultimate fibrinolytic and

Answer 35

breaks down the fibrin clot

Question 36

Fibrinolytic therapy vs anticoagulation

Answer 36

fibrinolytics: activate plasmin to breakdown clots anticoagulation: prevent fibrin clots from forming

Question 37

Hemophilia A hallmark lab values

Answer 37

normal BT | Normal PLT count

Question 38

In Hemophilia A, factor X can't be activated as well. this results in

Answer 38

fibrin polymer meshwork to not form

Question 39

Hemophilia B is a deficiency of which factor? it's also known as?

Answer 39

Christmas Tree disease

Question 40

Protein C inactivates

Answer 40

Factors Va and VIIIa (58)

Question 41

Coumadin binds to

Answer 41

vitamin K

Question 42

Protein S makes

Answer 42

Protein C (breaks down 5a and 8a) *require Vit K to work

Question 43

PT and PTT do not measure what factor?

Answer 43

XIII (13)

Question 44

Heparin principally acts on

Answer 44

Antithrombin (AT)

Question 45

Heparin makes AT do what?

Answer 45

"it's on steroids" heparin makes AT work really well

Question 46

Heparin's impact on AT inactivates

Answer 46

factors II, X -- the common pathway blocks coagulation

Question 47

LMWH are short chained

Answer 47

polysaccharides

Question 48

Unfractionated Heparin need to monitor

Answer 48

PTT

Question 49

Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia

Answer 49

- decreased PLT count caused by heparin - hypercoagulability - IgG antibodies against heparin bind to Factor IV (calcium) - antibodies+heprin/PLT factor IV complex will activate PLT and form clots

Question 50

PLT: decreased BT: increased PT: normal PTT: normal What is this disorder?

Answer 50

Thrombocytopenia

Question 51

PLT: Normal BT: increased PT: normal PTT: increased What is this disorder?

Answer 51

von Willebrand Disease

Question 52

PLT: normal BT: normal PT: normal PTT: increased What is this disorder?

Answer 52

Hemophilia A

Question 53

PLT: decreased BT: increased PT: increased PTT: increased What is this disorder?

Answer 53

DIC

Question 54

PLT: normal BT: increased PT: increased PTT: increased What is this disorder?

Answer 54

primary fibrinolysis

Question 55

PLT: normal BT: increased PT: normal PTT: normal What is this disorder?

Answer 55

Aspirin or NSAIDs

Question 56

PLT: normal BT: normal PT: increased PTT: increased What is this disorder?

Answer 56

Warfarin or Heparin

Question 57

ABL =

Answer 57

[EBV x (Start Hct – Target Hct)] / Start Hct

Question 58

Sponge (4x4) = | lap sponge =

Answer 58

Sponge (4x4) = 10ml | lap sponge = 100-150ml