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SUM '20 - Pharm II > Spring 2020 - Pharm exam 2 > Flashcards

Spring 2020 - Pharm exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Two major classes of cholinergic drugs are: (2)

A
  • Cholinergic agonists

- Anticholinesterase drugs

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2
Q

Which of the following medications would the SRNA hold during an induction of a patient with a major burn 4 days prior:

A

Succinylcholine

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3
Q

After acetylcholine stimulates the ____ receptor, it is destroyed by ______.

A

Cholinergic

Acetylcholinesterase

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4
Q

which of the following symptoms would the SRNA not expect from a cholinergic agonist drug:

A

Mydraisis

Direct effects: miosis, decreased HR, bronchoconstriction, increased secretions, etc

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5
Q

Cholinergic agonists are used in the following conditions: (2)

A
  • urinary retention due to weak or atonic bladder

- lack of bowel movement

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6
Q

An example of an irreversible long-lasting anticholinesterase would be:

A

Insecticide or Nerve gas

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7
Q

Pharmacokinetics of cholinergic drugs include:

A

Crossing BBB

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8
Q

Crossing the BBB is an element of pharmacokinetics in :

A

cholinergic drugs

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9
Q

cholinergic blocking agents have all the following adverse reactions except which two: (choose 2)

A
  • bradycardia

- increased sweating

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10
Q

Adverse reactions to cholinergic blocking agents include:

A

“blind as a bat, red as a beet, mad as a hatter, hot as a hare, dry as a bone”

Dry mouth
decreased sweating
reduced secretions
blurred vision d/t mydriasis
confusion
tachycardia
increased temp
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11
Q

Considering the dose-dependent effects of atropine, which is true:

a. slight cardiac slowing at 5mg
b. hallucinations at 8mg
c. Coma > 10mg
d. pupil constriction at 5 mg

A

C. Coma > 10mg of atropine

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12
Q

atropine speeds up the heart rate by:

A

blocking acetylcholine

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13
Q

what would be used to treat organophosphate poisoning, and treat disorders of the GI and lower urinary tract?

A

Atropine

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14
Q

anticholinergic drugs competitively antagonize

A

acetylcholine at the cholinergic post ganglionic sites

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15
Q

muscarinic receptors are located in:

A

GU tract
GI smooth muscle
Heart

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16
Q

Muscarinic receptors are not located in

A

spinal tract

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17
Q

What drug is more potent than its parent compound, has no CNS effects secondary to poor brain penetration?

A

glycopyrrolate

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18
Q

Does Atropine cross the placenta?

A

yes

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19
Q

Does atropine affect the fetal heart rate?

A

Little fetal heart change

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20
Q

This drug crosses the placenta with little fetal heart change:

A

atropine

21
Q

which drug would be the best choice when sedation and an antisialagogue is needed?

A

scopolamine

22
Q

What drug, when given in the same dose as atropine produces a similar increase in HR, but with a slower onset?

A

Glycopyrrolate

23
Q

Is an increase in extrapyramidal side effects a disadvantage of using anticholinergics in patients with Parkinson’s Disease?

A

No.

24
Q

Name a few disadvantages of using anticholinergics in pts with Parkinson’s Disease:

A
  • aggravation of glaucoma
  • Hallucinations
  • Visual blurring
25
Q

Treatment of Central Anticholinergic Syndrome :

A

Physostigmine

26
Q

Glycopyrrolate is not likely to cause Central Anticholinergic Syndrome because:

A

It does not cross the BBB

27
Q

What are synthesized in the liver and catalyzes the hydrolysis of succinylcholine:

A
  • butyrylcholinesterase
  • plasma cholinesterase
  • pseudocholinesterase
28
Q

Which of the following drugs would be considered a benzyl lisoquinolinium?

  • pancuronium
  • cisatricurium
  • rocuronium
  • vecuronium
A

-Cisatricurium

29
Q

List (Greatest to least) the inhalation anesthetics that potentiate the NMB effect of NMB drugs:

A

Des>Sevo>Halothane> Nitrous

“DSHN”

30
Q

Will Hyperthermia potentiate the blockade of a NMB drug?

A

no

31
Q

What will potentiate the blockage of NMB drugs?

A
  • LAs in large doses
  • Magnesium
  • some antidysrhythmics
32
Q

What is most likely to DECREASE the potency of NMB agents?

A
  • hypercalecemia

- hyperparathyroidism

33
Q

Regarding NMB Drugs:

High potency =

A

slow onset

34
Q

Regarding NMB Drugs:

Low potency =

A

rapid onset

35
Q

buffered diffusion can be seen in

A

High potency drugs

36
Q

What NMB drugs are typically not associated with histamine release:

A

Cisatricurium

Rocuronium

37
Q

Common dose of Succinylcholine:

A

1-1.5mg/kg

38
Q

Max dose of Neostigmine:

A

5mg

39
Q

Dose for glycopyrrolate:

A

7-15mcg/kg

40
Q

Sugammadex reversal from greatest to least:

A

Roc > Vec&raquo_space; Pancuronium

41
Q

Sugammadex is based on:

A

actual body weight

42
Q

Substantia Gelatinosa is located in Lamina:

A

II and III

43
Q

What opioid receptor is associated with respiratory depression due to decrease sensitivity of respiratory center to CO2?

A

Mu-2

44
Q

What is a depolarizing skeletal muscle relaxant?

A

succinylcholine

45
Q

Induction dose of ketamine would be:

A

1-2 mg/kg

46
Q

Indirect stimulation of alpha and beta adrenergic receptors and direct stimulation of adrenergic receptors and stimulation of release of endogenous norepinephrine by indirect action best describes:

A

Ephedrine

47
Q

Naloxone dose:

A

1-4mcg/kg

48
Q

Intubating dose of vecuronium:

A

0.1 mg/kg

SUM '20 - Pharm II (30 decks)

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