Blue Cards Flashcards
What is vertebrobasilar syndrome?
Caused by atherosclerosis of vertebral arteries in and around suboccipital triangle.
Insufficient blood supply to hindbrain causing fainting
Contents of vertebral foramen
Spinal cord CSF Vessels Nerve roots Fat Meninges
What is sacralization or lumbarization
Sacralization is when L5 fuses to sacrum
Lumbarization is when S1 separates from sacrum
Abnormal fusion of vertebral causing pain
How does spina bifid occur?
Failure of development/fusion of vertebral arches of L5 or S1
Vertebrae does not close completely
Bubble on back
How and where is a lumbar puncture given?
Needle is passed in-between spinous processes and interlaminar space
B/w L3-L4 or L4-L5 into subarachnoid space
Where is the intercristal line
L4
Where is the lower extension of the spinal cord in adults? Newborns? Significance?
Adults: L1 Newborns: L3
Dura matter continues to S2 where lumbar cistern/dura sac is formed
Cleidocranial dysostosis/dysplasia
Autosomal
Defective ossification leads to delayed bone growth and tooth development
(Dustin Stranger Things)
Where is lumbar cistern? What is found there?
Below termination of spinal cord
Contains cauda equina
Intermeningeal space and contents
Epidural- b/w bone and dura mater; contains fat, veins, nerve roots
Subdural space- b/w dura and arachnoid
Subarachnoid- b/w arachnoid and pia; contains CSF, vessels and roots
Meningeal layers surrounding spinal cord and brain
Dura mater (outer) Arachnoid mater (middle) Pia mater (innermost)
Denticulate ligaments- extension of pia mater from spinal cord
Lumbosacral plexus syndromes
Trauma following surgery may injure plexus
Also compression from tumors or radiotherapy
Femoral hernia
Hernia Timon in femoral canal causing pain
Most common in females
