Blue Flashcards
(166 cards)
1
Q
In regard to building codes, what are reference standards?
A
This is an idea or statement concerning an overall physical response to ideas developed during programming.
2
Q
What does the Certificate of Occupancy (or Use and Occupancy) letter provide
A
This letter is issued by the authority having jurisdiction and allows the client to occupy a building or portion of a building after the final inspection.
3
Q
What is the primary model building code used in the United States?
A
The International Building Code (IBC)
4
Q
In the United States, what document gives jurisdictions the basic authority to adopt and enforce building codes?
A
The basic authority for this comes from the Tenth Amendment to the US Constitution. It gives police powers to the states, which in turn either use that authority to adopt codes or pass that authority on to local jurisdictions.
5
Q
What two types of product labels does Underwriters Laboratories (UL) provide?
A
The two types provided by this organization are:
- listed labels
- classified labels
6
Q
What is the Steiner tunnel test, ASTM E84?
A
This is a standard test for determining the surface buring characteristics of finish materials and the smoke developed index of the same materials.
7
Q
What materials does NFPA 701 test, and what condition does it test for?
A
This tests the slammability of draperies, curtains, and other window treatment.
8
Q
According to the Internationsl Building Code (IBC), what is a fire partition, and where is it used?
A
The IBC defines this as a wall assembly having a fire-resistance rating of 1 hour, used in:
- walls separating dwelling units
- walls separating guest rooms in Group R-1, R-2, and I-1 occupancies
- Walls separating tenant spaces in covered malls
- Corridor walls
9
Q
What two situations require the construction of a fire barrier?
A
This type of fire-resistance-rated wall is required as:
- A separation where there are different occupances
- An enclosure where there are vertical exits
10
Q
What is the maximum percetage of wall or ceiling area that combustible trim (such as trim made of wood) can occupy in a room?
A
In a room, this material type can occupy no more than 10% of a wall or ceiling area.
11
Q
What is an occupancy class, and what is it used for?
A
This is a usage classification assigned to a building or interior space. It differtiates various types of fire hazards and the life-safety characteristics of various uses.
12
Q
What is mixed occupancy?
A
This is a situation where a single building or interior space houses two or more different types of occupancies.
13
Q
What is an accessory occupancy?
A
This is a space or room that is used in conjunction with the main occupancy, but containing no more than 10% of the floor area of the main occupancy.
14
Q
What is an incidental use area?
A
This is an area that is ancillary to the main occupancy, but has the same classification. n It must be separated from the main occupancy by a fire barrier, be equipped with an automatic speinkler system, or both.
15
Q
How many construction types are there, and which has the highest fire resistance?
A
There are five of these, and Type I has the highest fire resistance.
16
Q
What is fire-resistance-rated glazing?
A
This is glass or some other glazing material that has been tested according to ASTM E119 as part of a fire-resistance-rated wall assembly.
17
Q
In regards to interior design, what is a guard, and what dimensions must it have in commercial construction?
A
This is a building component installed to prevent falls from an elevated area. Its required minimum height is 42 inches (1067 mm) above the floor.
18
Q
What are the three parts of a means of egress?
A
Its three parts are:
- exit access
- exit
- exit discharge
19
Q
What is an exit passageway?
A
This is a horizonal, fully enclosed, fire-resistance-rated portion of an exit that is used only as a means of egress to an exit discharge or public way.
20
Q
What is an occupant load factor?
A
This is the amount of floor space that a building code presumes is occupied by one person in a particular occupancy.
21
Q
How is the occupant load of a space calculated?
A
To calculate this value for a space, the total area in square feet (or square meters) is divided by the occupant load factor.
22
Q
What is a common path of egress travel?
A
This is the portion of an exit access that occupants are required to traverse before two separate and distinct paths of egress travel to two exits become available.
23
Q
In a building that has been fully equiped with sprinklers, when two exits are required in a space, wht is th minimum separation required?
A
The minimum separation required is one-third the diagonal distance of the space.
24
Q
What are the two main factors in determining if a space requires two exits rather than one?
A
The two main factors that determine how many of these are required are the space’s occupancy and its occupant load.
25
In a building that has been fully equipped with sprinklers, when two exits are required in a space, what is the minimum separation required?
The minimum separation required is one-third the diagonal distance of the space.,
26
What is an exit access tracel distance?
This is the distance an occupant must trael from the most remote point within a building to the entrance of the nearest exit.
27
How is minimum exit width calculated?
This is calculated by multiplying the occupant load of a space by the appropriate factor given in the building code.
28
For an occupant load greater than 50, what is the absolute minimum corridor width?
In this instance, the minimum corridor width is 44 inches (1118 mm).
29
Within a means of egress system, what are exit access areas?
Within a means of egress system, thses are areas that do not provide a protected path of travel and which lead to the entrance of an exit.
30
What is the maximum allowable projection of a door into a corridor when the door is fully opened?
The maximum allowable projection is 7 inches (178 mm).
31
What is the minimum clear width of an exit door?
The minimum clear width is 32 inches (813 mm).
32
What is an area of refuge?
This is an area of a building where persons unable to use stairways can safely await instructions of assistance during an emergency evacuation.
33
If an object is between 27 inches (685 mm) and 80 inches (2030 mm) above the floor, what is the maximum allowable protrusion of that object from the wall?
under these conditions, an object must not protrude more than 4 inches (100 mm) from a wall.
34
What are two types of glazing that can be used in hazardous locations, and what test must they pass?
Two materials that can be used for this application are tempered glass and laminated glass, but only if they pass the testing requirements of 16 CFR 1201, Calegory II.
35
In regards to building codes, what are reference stnadards?
These are standards written by standard-writing organizations (rather than by the authors of a particular building code) that are made part of a code by a specific reference.
36
What is a public way?
This is any street, alley, or similar parcel of land unobstructed from the ground to the sky that is at least 10 ft (3048 mm) wide and permanently appropriated to the public.
37
How is the *Uniform Commercial Code* (UCC) important to interior design projects?
This document governs the sale of goods in the United States and is applicable to the purchase and delivery of furniture and other moveable items.
38
What is running trim?
This type of molding is installed end to end.
39
What finish material for woodwork provides the hardest, most durable surface?
When used as a finish material for woodwork, polyester has these characteristics.
40
What is lacquer?
This is a coating material with a high nitrocellulose content that has been modified with resins and plasticizers dissolved in a cvolatile solent.
41
What is solid surfacing?
This is a homogeneous, polymer-based surfacing material.
42
What is the commonly used measure of a flooring material's slip resistance?
The coefficient of friction (COF) is typically used as a measure of this characteristic of flooring material.
43
On an interior construction project, what is a contractor's typical profit range (as a percentage)?
5% to 15% is a typical range for this budget item on an interior construction project.
44
What is a cost index, and how is it used?
This number relates construction or other costs to a base amount. It is used to account for the variables of geigraphical location and inflation over time.
45
What is a discount rate?
This is a number used to convert furture costs to their equivalent present values.
46
What is the thin-set method of installing stone flooring?
This method of installing stone flooring uses either a special mortar about 1/8 inch (3 mm) thick or an adhesive.
47
In this terrazzo floor selection, what are the components labled A, B, and C?
In this floor sectio, these components are
1. a divider strip
2. wekded wure fabric reinforcing
3. cleavage membrane on top of the sand cushion
48
What are five common types of resilient flooring?
Five common types are:
1. vinyl
2. vinyl commposition
3. rubber
4. cork
5. linoleum
49
What is velvet carpet?
This is a carpet made by a simple weaving method that places all the pile yarn on the face of the carpet.
50
What are four reasons why carpet cushions are used?
This material is used with carpeting to
* provide support for the pile yarn
* increase dimensional stability
* provide added strength
* give a softer feel underfoot
51
What are the two broad classifications of paint?
Its two broad classifications are
* water base
* solvent based
52
In terms of wallpaper installation, what is a drop match
This method of wallpaper installation is used when one piece must be raised or lowered in relation to adjaent pieces to continued the pattern.
53
What are four common ways to install fabric wallcovering?
This is commonly installed in one of four ways
* applied directly, using an adhesive
* using custom fabric panels
* using a proprietary stretch-wall system
* using acoustic panels
54
What is tackable acoustic fiberglass?
This is a noncombustible fibrous glass mat bonded with resinous binder and formed into a rigid board with a finish thin, rigid fiberglass mesh.
55
What type of diagram is this?
This is a candlepower distribution diagram,
56
How is a tungsten-halogen lamp different from a standard incandescent kamp?
The former includes a small amount of a halogen with the inert and it made from a bulb of quartz. It lasts longer than the latter, produces a whiter light, and produces a more uniform light ime.
57
How does a hight-intensity discharge lamp work?
This type of lamp works by passing an electric current through a gas or vapor under high pressure.
58
HOw is the color tmperature of a light source determinied?
This value is based on the temperature, in degrees Kelvin, to which a black-body ratiator what have to be heated to produce a the same the same hue as a particular light source.
59
What is a lumen (abbreviate lm)?
This unit is the amount of luminous flax produced by a point source of one candleplax a point resource of one candlepower (candla) in a solid angle of one steradian.
60
What is high-pressure decorative laminate?
This is a common fishing material used with millwork, made from graft paper overlaid with a preferred
61
What is the difference between a contractor's general overhead and project overhead?
The first is the cost of running a business.
The second consists of those expenses incurred in completing a specific job that are not labor, material, or equipment.
62
What is the parameter method?
This method of estimating allows the interior designer to itemize components along with their unit costs.
63
What is life-cycle cost analysis?
This is a method of determining the total cost of a building or building component or system. Initial costs are added to the cost of financing, operation, maintenance, and disposal, estimated over the useful life of the material or system.
64
What are the four basic types of traditional wood flooring?
The four basic types are:
1. strip
2. plank
3. block
4. end-grain block
65
What is marble?
This is a metamorphic rock that is converted by heat and pressure from limestone into calcite and/ or dolomite.
66
What are four disadvantages of using thick-set application for stone flooring?
The disadvantages of using this application method for stone flooring include:
* added weight to the subfloor
* longer installation time
* additional thickness
* additional costs
67
Why would a designer want to use a Wilton carpet?
This carpet type would be used to produce a complex pattern with different surface textures.
68
In terms of paint, what is the vehicle and how does it work?
This is the liquid portion of paint, composed of a nonvolatile blinder and a olatile part called the solvent. The binder combines with the body to form the final film, while the solvene dissolves the binder to allow for application and later wither evaporates or dries.
69
What two paint types are often used to achieve a vary durable surface?
Epoxy and urethane paints are often used to achieve this kind of surface.
70
What are the three grades of vinyl wallcovering?
This wallpaper material may be graded as:
* Type I, light duty
* Type II, medium duty
* Type III, heavy duty
71
What is the primary benefit of using a hydrophobic fabric wallcovering?
This type of fabric wallcovering does not absorb and hold moisture, so it does not sag or distort.
72
What is illuminance?
This is the density of luminous flux incident on a surface in lumens per unit area.
In US units, 1 lm uniformly incident on 1 ft2 produces an illuminance of 1 footcandle (fc).
In SI units, 1 lumen uniformly incident on 1 m2 produces an illuminance of 1 lux (lx).
73
What is luminous efficacy?
This is the ratio of the luminous flux emitted by light resource to the power used by the light source.
74
How does a fluorescent lamp produce light?
In this type of lamp, an electric arc is formed, generating ultraviolet light. When this light strikes the phosphor coating on the inside of the lamp, the phosphor fluoresces, generating visible light.
75
What is a light-emitting diode (LED)?
This is a semiconductor device that uses solid-waste electronics to create light.
76
What is a color rendition index?
This is a numerical measure of how well a light source renders the color of an object when compared to the same object lit by a reference source of the same color temperature.
77
What is the coefficient of utilization (CU)?
This value is a measure of how efficiently a luminaire distributes light under various degrees of finish reflectivity.
78
What is quarter sawing?
This is a method of sawing lumber in which the saw cut line is mostly perpendicular to the tree rings in a quarter section of the log.
79
Which method of sawing or slicing veneers produces a charateristic cathedral grain pattern in most species of wood?
Plain sawing, ir plain slicing, produces this appearance in most wood species.
80
What is flitch?
This is the collection of veneers that have been sliced off the same log.
81
What is used to fit a cabinet tightly to an irregular wall?
A scribe piece is used for this.
82
What type of cabinet framing is shown?
This is an illustration of reveal overlay construction.
83
What is bookmatching?
This is a method of assembling veneers in which every other piece sliced off the log is turned over.
84
What is blueprint matching?
This is the most exacting method of matching veneer panels in a room, such that grain continuity is maintained across doors, cabinets, and other obstructions.
85
What is another term for raised panel construction?
Stile and rail paneling is another term for this type of construction.
86
Under what conditions would a wood veneer not have to adhere to flame spread requirments?
When a wood veneer is less than 0.036 inches (0.9 mm) thick and applied to a noncombustible material, these requirements do not apply.
87
What is composite wood veneer?
This is a sustainable product manufactured by laminating veneers from commonly available trees onto an artificial log, which is then sliced to produce the final veneers.
88
What are the five basic activities of project management?
This task involves five basic activites.
1. planning
2. monitoring
3. coordinating and directing
4. documenting
5. closing out a project
89
When a project is complete, who takes ownership of the contract documents?
At the end of a job, the interior designer retains the rights of ownership to these.
90
What are the six primary phases of design *services,* as outlined by the AIA *Standard Form of Agreement Between Owner and Architect for Architectural Interior Design Services*?
This document outlines the following primary phases of design services.
* programming
* schematic design
* design development
* contract documents
* bidding or negotiation
* contract administration
91
What is a purchase order, and why it is used?
This form gives the receiving party all the necessary information to supply goods or services and authorizes the purchase of the items listed on the form.
92
What is considered to be the project cost?
This is the total cost to the owner of all components of a project, including construction, furniture, equipment, the contractor's overload and profit, and the costs of planning or supervising construction.
93
What kinds of expenses are NOT included in the project costs?
These include the designer's professional fees, consultant's fees, financing cost, and other costs that are the responsiblity of the owner.
94
How is a negotiated contract different from bid (or tendered) contract?
With the former, the owner selects a contractor to do the work, and the two discuss the cost and terms of the contract.
With the latter, several contractors view the contract documents and submit cost proposals.
95
What are the two main common ways to notify prospective contractors that a project is being bid?
The two common ways to accomplish this are to:
1. advertise for bids in a local newspaper and trade journals
2. send invitation to Bid forms to prospective bidders
96
What is an addendum?
This is a written or graphic documentation issued by the interior designer before the execution of the contract that modifies or interprets the bidding documents by additions, deletions, clarifications, or corrections.
97
Under what conditions can a contractor propose subsitutions during bidding?
Bidders must request written approval of these at least 10 days before bid opening. The request must include documentation showing that the proposal meets the requirements of the contract documents.
98
What seven types of information are typically included in the instructions to bidders?
This document typically gives information about:
* procedures for submitting documents
* where to obtain bidding documents
* procedures for opening bids
* submittals required with bids
* bidders' representation statements
* required bonds
* procedures for issuing addendas and other modifications
99
What is bid security?
This is a certified check, cashier's check, or bid bond requested by the owner to ensure that the successful bidder will fulfill the contract.
100
What is a performance bond?
This is a statement by a surety company that obligates the surety company to somplete construction of the owner's project if the contractor defaults.
101
What is the puirpose of a labor and material payment bond?
This is used to guarrantee payment for labor and maerials on a project if the contractor defaults or otherwise fails to make payments.
102
What are five of the most common variables that can affect the cost of a project when bidding occurs?
This aspect of a project bid can be affected by the:
* actual costs to the contractor and subcontractor
* current competitiveness of the market
* project schedule
* desire of a contractor to get the job
* level of prfit required by the contractor
103
At an owner's request, a contractor may include alternatives in the bid documents. What is an alternative?
This is a construction item that could, at the owner's discretion, be substituted for a similar item in the base bid to reduce project costs.
104
What is a unit price?
This is a set cost for providing a portion of the construction work that is based on an individual quantity, such as per unit or per square foor.
105
In regards to interior design, what is an allowance?
This is a set amount of money that the interior designer estimates will cover the cost of a particular item (construction or furnishings) when the cost cannot be deternined precisely at the time of the bid or negotiated proposal.
106
What are four types of written modifications that can be made after the execution of contract?
Four examples of this are:
* a change order
* an amendment ot the contract
* a written order for minor changes in the work
* a written interpretation by the interior designer
107
What is a retainage (also called holdback in Canada)?
This is a percentage (usually 10%) of each payment to contractor or vender that is withheld by the owner for the purpose of protecting the owner against incomplete or defective work.
108
What form does a vendor or contractor use to request a payment from the owner?
An Application for Payment form is used for this.
109
In regards to interior design, what is substantial completion?
In a construction project, this is the stage when the work, or a designated portion of it, is sufficiently complete according to the contract documents that the owner can occupy or use the site, even though a few minor items may yet need to be finished or corrected.
110
Who has teh authority to stop construction?
On a construction project, only the owner can authorize this action.
111
What is a change order?
This a form used to authorize a change in contract time, contract cost, or both, made after the execution of the contract. It is generally prepared by the interior designer and must be signed by the designer, contractor, and owner.
112
What are shop drawings?
These are detailed drawings, diagrams, and other data, perpared by subcontractor or supplier, that show exactly how the provider intends to supply the install work to meet the contract requirements. They are submitted to the contractor and interior designer for approval.
113
What is the basic process for getting approval on submittals from subcontractors or suppliers?
1. First, the submittal is sent to the general contractor, who reviews it and then sends it to the interior designer for approval.
2. If teh submittal also requires a review by one of the designer's consultants, it is sent to the consultant for review.
3. The submittal is then sent back to the contractor, who returns it to the party who originally made the submittal.
114
What are the interior designer's obligations during construction observation?
During this phase of the work, the interior designer must:
* become generalyy familiar with the progress and quality of the work
* keep the owner informed about the progress of the work
* endeavor to guard the owner against defects in the work
* determine, in general, if the work is progressing in such a way that it is in accordance with the contract documents
115
Who has the authority to reject work that does not conform to the contrat documents?
The interior designer can reject work that does not conform to these.
116
In regards to interior design, what is a claim?
This is a demand or assertion by the contractor or owner seeking payment of money, an estension of time, or an adjustment or interpretation of the contract terms.
117
What are two common types of construction claims?
Two common types are:
1. Claims for additional time
2. Claims for concealed or unknow conditions
118
How is mediation differnt from arbitration?
With the former, a neutral third party facilitates an agreement between the disputing parties, but the agreement is not binding.
With the latter, the third party hears arguments and renders a decision according to specified rules, and the decision is binding.
119
What are six things the interior designer is NOT responsible for during contract administration?
During this phase of a project, the designer is NOT responsible for:
* the means, methods, or techniques of construction
* safety on the job site
* fabrication, shipment, or installation of construction elements or furnishings
* acts or omissions of contractors, subcontractors, or suppliers
* stopping the work if there is a problem
* receipt, inspection, and acceptance of furniture or fixtures
120
What is a construction change directive?
Thsi si a written order, prepared by the interior designer, directing the contractor to make a change before the owner and contractor have agreed on the amount of adjustments in cost, time, or both.
121
What are six common reasons why a designer might withold payment to a contractor?
This action might be taken because,
1. the work is defective
2. the contractor failed to pay the subcontractors
3. the contractor has damaged the property of the owner or other contractor
4. third-party claims have been filed
5. evidence exists that the work will not be completed on time
6. the contractor failed to conform to teh contract documents
122
What is a punch list (known in Canada as a deficiency lists)?
This is a lists of items made by the interior designer durning the final inspection. It includes anything that needs to be copleted or corrected by the contractor if not in accordance with the contract documents.
123
What is a purchase order?
This is a document sent to a manufacturer or vender that lists all the items to be purchased along with the prices, catalog numbers, and shipping information.
124
What is required from a manufacturer after it receives a purchase order from the designer?
A confirmation or acknowledgment is required from the manufacturer after receiving this from the designer.
125
What is a packing list?
This is a detailed lists of item descriptions and quantities in a shipment that is attached to one of the items shipped.
126
What is a drop ship order?
This is a request to ship furniture or other goods to an address different from the address of the company placing the order.
127
What is a bill of lading?
This is a document that lists the contents od a shipment from a manufacturer or vender.
128
What is a freight bill?
This is teh invoice from a shipping company.
129
What is a sales agreement?
This is a document signed by the client that obligates the client to pay for the various items listed in the agreement.
130
If all bids on a project exceed the owner's budget, what four options are available to the owner?
If this happens, the owner can,
* rebid (or negotiate) the contract
* authorize an increase in construction costs
* work with the designer to reduce the scope of the project
* abandon the project
131
What are seven of the items the contractor must submit to the owner during project closeout?
During this phase of a project, the contractor must give the owner,
* the bonds
* all warranties
* any extra stock of materials
* a set of record drawings
* the certificate of occupancy
* documentation required by the final application for payment
* maintenance contracts and equipment operating instructions
132
On an interior construction project, who is responsible for the final electrical drawings?
On an interior project, the electrical engineer is responsible for this aspect of the plans.
133
What consultant is responsible for designing new openings in the floor of an existing building?
The structural engineer is responsible for designing openings in the floor of this type of building,
134
What concultant must assist the interior designer when a project requires the installation of heavy equipment?
A structural engineer must assist the interior designer in determining the installation requirements for this type of equipment.
135
Who may design a building's sprinkler system?
This building component may be designed by either a mechanical engineer, a fire protection engineer, or in some cases a fire protection contractor.
136
In determining the total time required for a project, who is responsible for estimating th construction time?
The contrator is responsible for this aspect of the total project schedule.
137
Who is responsible for determining the accuracy and completeness of dimensions, details, and qualities on shop drawings.
The contractor is responsible for these items on shop drawings.
138
Who is responsible for providing any laboratory tests, inspections, and reports required by the contract documentations?
When these procedures are responsible by the contract documents, and teh owner must provide.
139
What is involved in generating a fee projection?
In this process, the total fee the designer will receive, after amounts for profit, overhead, and other expenses are deducted, is allowcated to the schedule an to the various staff members who will be completing the project.
140
What is a sole proprietorship?
This is a type of business that is owned by an individual who is personally liable for all debts fo the company.
141
What are some of the advantages as a buissess organization?
Advantages of this type of organiztion including the following:
* It's easy to form
* The work is spead among several owners
* The different unique skills of several owners can be used.
142
What is a limited liability company?
This is a type of business that combines the advangtages of a corporation with those of a part.
143
What does general liability insurance cover?
This type of insurance covers a range of items, including property damage, personal injury caused by the designer or employees, and other liabilities if contractors or subcontractors do not have their own insurance.
144
What type of insurance should an interior designer have to contract against fire and theft?
Property insurance covers these situation.
145
What is direct personel expensive?
This is the expense of employee salaries plus the cost of mandatory and discretionary expenses and benefits.
146
What is indirect labor?
This is all labor NOT charged to a project or revenue-producing account.
147
What is the chargeable ratio (or utilization rate) of a business?
For businesses, this is the percentage of time or money spent on firect labor divided by the total time or money spent on an direct labor divided by the total time or money spent on direct and indirect labor in addition to vacation, holiday, and sick leave.
148
What type of license would an interior designer need in order to buy furniture at wholesales and sell it at retail?
An interior designer would need a sales tax license (or resale license) to do this.
149
In regard to interior design, what is agency?
This is a legal term for a relationship in which the interior designer acts on a behalf of the client in dealing with constractor or or vender.
150
In legal terms, what is negligence?
This legal term describes the failure to use due care to avoid harming another person or another person's property.
151
In a designer's contract, what purposed does an indemnification clause serve?
This type of clause attempts to hold harmesss both the owner and interior designer for any damages, claims, or losses restarting form the performance of others with whom the interior designer has not contractual relationship.
152
What is a contract?
This is an agreement between two parties in which one party makes an offer to receive something in return for services ond the other party accept the offer.
153
What four tasks does the interior designer normally perform during the schematic design phase of a project?
During this phase of a project, the designer,
* prepares diagrams and drawings showing the general functional relationships required by the project
* develops preliminary space plans
* prepares design concepts, including colors, finishes, and furniture
* prepares a preliminary statement of probable project costs
154
What are seven common additional services, outside the scope of standard services, that may be provided by the interior designer?
These services include:
* investigating existing conditions or facilities
* making detailed inventories of materials or furniture
* assisting with graphics or signage
* assisting with the procurement of art
* receiving and accepting furniture on behalf of the client
* making as-builts drawings
* participating in selection interviews with prospective contractors
155
What are five ways an interior designer can charge for services?
An interior designer can do this by means of:
* a fixed fee
* an hourly rate
* a percentage of the project cost
* a rate per area (square footage) planned or designed
* reselling wholesale furniture purchases at retail prices
156
What are the four primary advantages of negotiating a contract?
Some of the advantages of this process include:
* the owner can use a specific contractor
* a realistic project cost is devloped from the beginning
* the contractor can assist in reducing the cost of the project
* the contractor can point out potential problems in the design
157
What two types of contracts are typically used on large commercial interior design projects?
This type of project calls for two contract types.
* construction contract
* contract for furniture, fixtures, and equipment
158
What are the six basic components of an oener-vendor agreement (or owner-contractor agreement)?
This document id composed of:
* the agreement itself
* the conditions of the contract (general, supplementary, and other)
* the drawings
* the specifications
* all addenda
* all modifications issued after the execution of the aggreement
159
What are liquidated damages?
These are moneys paid by the contractor to the owner for every day contractor is late at completing a project.
160
What is the contract time?
This is the period from the starting date established in the agreement to the time of substantial completion.
161
What part of a contract agreement may be used to include unique contract elements that modify the General Conditions of the Contract for Construction?
In a contract agreement, the Supplementary Conditions are used to modify these.
162
What two things are required before an interior designer can resell furniture to a client?
To do this, a designer needs a resale license and estblished credit.
163
What are five of the responsibilities of the owner during furniture installation?
During this phase of a project, the owner is repsonsible for:
* providing facilities for delivery, unloading, and staging
* providing a route from the delivery point to the final placement point
* giving a firm schedule to the contractor for unloading facilities
* paying for costs due to the owner's failure to conform to the schedule
* providing security
164
In interior design, what type of behavior is considered negligence?
This is a designer's failure to use the care ordinarily execercised in similiar cases by qualified designers and the failure to use reasonable dilifence and professional judgment.
165
What are the three obligations of the interior designer during the bidding phase of a project?
During this phase of a project, the designer assists the (client) in preparing the documents and forms of agreement by:
* filing the necessary forms for governmental approvals
* obtaining proposals
* evaluating the contractors' proposals
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