BMS 127 Ch. 15 Innate Immunity

Question 0

Mucus-secreting membranes are found in the

a. urinary system
b. digestive cavity
c. respiratory passages
d. all of the above

Answer 0

d. all of the above

Question 1

Phagocytes of the epidermis are called

a. microglia
b. goblet cells
c. alveolar macrophages
d. dendritic cells

Answer 1

d. dendritic cells

Question 2

The complement system involves

a. the production of antigens and antibodies.
b. serum proteins involved in nonspecific defense.
c. a set of genes that distinguish foreign cells from body cells.
d. the elimination of undigested remnants of microorganisms.

Answer 2

b. serum proteins involved in nonspecific defense.

Question 3

The alternative complement activation pathway involves

a. factors B, D, and P
b. the cleavage of C5 to form C9
c. binding to mannose sugar
d. recognition of antigens bound to specific antibodies

Answer 3

a. factors B, D, and P

Question 4

Complement must be inactivated because if it were not,

a. viruses could continue to multiply inside host cells using the host’s own metabolic machinery.
b. necessary interferons would not be produced.
c. protein synthesis would be inhibited, thus halting important cell processes.
d. it would make holes in the body’s own cells.

Answer 4

d. it would make holes in the body’s own cells.

Question 5

The type of interferon present late in an infection is

a. alpha interferon
b. beta interferon
c. gamma interferon
d. delta interferon

Answer 5

c. gamma interferon

Question 6

Interferons

a. do not protect the cell that secretes them.
b. stimulate the activity of macrophages.
c. cause muscle aches, chills and fever.
d. all of the above.

Answer 6

d. all of the above.

Question 7

Which of the following is not targeted by a Toll-like receptor?

a. lipid A
b. eukaryotic flagellar protein
c. single-stranded RNA
d. lipoteichoic acid

Answer 7

b. eukaryotic flagellar protein

Question 8

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) act to

a. bind microbial proteins and polysaccharides
b. induce phagocytosis
c. cause phagocytic chemotaxis
d. destroy microbial cells

Answer 8

a. bind microbial proteins and polysaccharides

Question 9

The surface cells of the epidermis of the skin are _____.

Answer 9

dead

Question 10

The surface cells of the mucous membranes are _______.

Answer 10

alive

Question 11

Wandering macrophages experience __________.

Answer 11

diapidesis

Question 12

__________ are immature macrophages.

Answer 12

Monocytes

Question 13

_____________ are large agranulocytes.

Answer 13

Monocytes

Question 14

___________ exhibit chemotaxis toward a pathogen.

Answer 14

Phagocytes

Question 15

In phagocytosis, adherence involves the binding between complementary chemicals on a phagocyte and on the membrane of a ___________.

Answer 15

pathogen

Question 16

_____________ occurs when a phagocyte’s pseudopodia surround a microbe and fuse to form a sac.

Answer 16

Ingestion

Question 17

Lysosomes fuse with phagosomes to form ___________.

Answer 17

phagolysosomes

Question 18

A membrane attack complex drills circular holes in a _____________.

Answer 18

pathogen

Question 19

Rubor, calor, swelling, and dolor are associated with ____________.

Answer 19

inflammation

Question 20

Acute and chronic inflammation exhibit ________ signs and symptoms.

Answer 20

similar

Question 21

The _____________ of the brain controls the body’s temperature.

Answer 21

hypothalamus

Question 22

Defensins are ____________ __________ of the second line of defense.

Answer 22

antimicrobial peptides

Question 23

NETs are webs produced by ____________ to trap microbes.

Answer 23

neutrophils

Question 24

For the following term, what is the line of defense that first applies?

Inflammation

Answer 24

Second

Question 25

For the following term, what is the line of defense that first applies?

Monocytes

Answer 25

Second

Question 26

For the following term, what is the line of defense that first applies?

Lactoferrin

Answer 26

Second

Question 27

For the following term, what is the line of defense that first applies?

Fever

Answer 27

Second

Question 28

For the following term, what is the line of defense that first applies?

Dendritic cells

Answer 28

First

Question 29

For the following term, what is the line of defense that first applies?

Alpha interferon

Answer 29

Second

Question 30

For the following term, what is the line of defense that first applies?

Mucous membrane of the digestive tract

Answer 30

First

Question 31

For the following term, what is the line of defense that first applies?

Neutorphils

Answer 31

Second

Question 32

For the following term, what is the line of defense that first applies?

Epidermis

Answer 32

First

Question 33

For the following term, what is the line of defense that first applies?

Lysozyme

Answer 33

First

Question 34

For the following term, what is the line of defense that first applies?

Goblet cells

Answer 34

First

Question 35

For the following term, what is the line of defense that first applies?

Phagocytes

Answer 35

Second

Question 36

For the following term, what is the line of defense that first applies?

T lymphocytes

Answer 36

Third

Question 37

For the following term, what is the line of defense that first applies?

Antimicrobial peptides

Answer 37

First

Question 38

For the following term, what is the line of defense that first applies?

Sebum

Answer 38

First

Question 39

What does a goblet cell do?

Answer 39

Secrete mucus

Question 40

What does a lysozyme do?

Answer 40

Breaks bonds in bacterial cell walls

Question 41

What is a stem cell?

Answer 41

A generative cell with many types of offspring

Question 42

What does a dendritic cell do?

Answer 42

Devours pathogens in the epidermis

Question 43

Where are formed elements (platelets) developed?

Answer 43

In bone marrow

Question 44

What is an eosinophil?

Answer 44

A leukocyte that primarily attacks parasitic worms

Question 45

What is the phagocytic cell in the lungs called?

Answer 45

Alveolar macrophage

Question 46

What is a microglia?

Answer 46

A phagocytic cell in the CNS

Question 47

Wandering macrophages are _____________ scavengers.

Answer 47

Intercellular

Question 48

List the 6 steps in phagocytosis.

Answer 48

1. Chemotaxis of the phagocyte to the pathogen
2. Adherence
3. Ingestion of the microbe by the phagocytes
4. Fusion of a series of vesicles including lyosomes
5. Killing of the microbe with enzymes and other chemicals
6. Elimination (exocytosis)