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Medical Termonolg Levi > Body Structure Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Body Structure Chapter 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Chromatin

A

Structural component of the nucleus,composed of nucleic acids and proteins.

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2
Q

Chromosome

A

Threadlike structures within the nucleus composed of DNA that carries hereditary information encoded in genes.

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3
Q

DNA

A

Molecule that holds genetic information capable of replicating and producing an exact copy whenever the cell divides

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4
Q

Metabolism

A

Sum of all physical and chemical changes that take place in a cell or an organism

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5
Q

Organelle

A

Cellular structure that provides a specialized function, such as the nucleus, ribosomes, lysosomes, ect.

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6
Q

Hist/o

A

Tissues

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7
Q

Epithelial tissue

A

Covers surfaces of organs, eg epidermis or outer layer of skin

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8
Q

Connective tissue

A

Supports and connects other body tissues eg. cartilage, fat, blood, and bones

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9
Q

Muscle tissue

A

Contractile tissue, responsible for movement

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10
Q

Nervous tissue

A

Transmits electrical impulses as it relays information throughout the body

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11
Q

Coronal plane

A

Frontal, divides into anterior and posterior.

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12
Q

Transverse plane

A

Horizontal, top and bottom sections

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13
Q

Midsagittal plane

A

Left and right

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14
Q

Abduction

A

Away from the midsagittal plane

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15
Q

Adduction

A

Towards the midsagittal plane

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16
Q

Medial

A

Pertaining to the midline of the body

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17
Q

Lateral

A

Pertaining to a side

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18
Q

Superior (cephalad)

A

Above

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19
Q

Inferior (caudal)

A

Below

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20
Q

Proximal

A

Nearer to the center

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21
Q

Distal

A

Further from the center

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22
Q

Anter/o

A

Front

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23
Q

Posterior (dorsal)

A

Back

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24
Q

Parietal

A

Pertaining to the outer wall of the body cavity

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25
Visceral
Pertaining to internal organs
26
Prone
Lying face down
27
Supine
Lying face up
28
Inversion
Turning inward
29
Eversion
Turning outward
30
Palmar
Pertaining to the palm of the hand
31
Plantar
Pertaining to the sole of the foot
32
Superficial
Toward the surface of the body (external)
33
Deep
Away from the surface of the body (internal)
34
Kary/o or nucle/o
Nucleus
35
Caud/o
Tail
36
Cephal/o
Head
37
Dist/o
Far
38
Dors/o
Back of the body
39
Infer/o
Lower
40
Later/o
Side
41
Medi/o
Middle
42
Poster/o
Back, behind
43
Proxim/o
Near
44
Ventr/o
Belly, belly side
45
Albin/o
White
46
Leuk/o
White (usually pertaining to blood)
47
Chrom/o
Color
48
Cirrh/o, Jaund/o, xanth/o
Yellow
49
Cyan/o
Blue
50
Erythr/o
Red
51
Melan/o
Black
52
Poli/o
Gray, gray matter( of the brain or spinal cord)
53
Radi/o
Radiation, x-ray, radius (lower arm bone on thumb side)
54
Tom/o
To cut
55
Viscer/o
Internal organs
56
Adhesion
Tissue held or bind together that are normally separate
57
Edema
Abnormal Accumulation of fluid within tissue spaces as a result of disease or failure to drain fluid
58
Febrile
Symptoms of fever
59
Gangrene
Death and decay of soft tissue
60
Hernia
Protrusion of an organ through the structure it’s normally in
61
Information
Redness swelling heat and pain
62
Mycosis
Fungal infection
63
Perforation
Hole completely penetrates
64
Peritonitis
Inflammation of the peritoneum, the membrane that covers abdominal cavity
65
Rupture
Breaking or bursting of an organ
66
Septicemia
Bacterial infections of tissues that spreads to the blood. Also called blood poisoning.
67
Suppuration
Forming puss
68
Ausculation
Listening to the heart bowel and lungs with a stethoscope
69
Palpation
Use of the hands to determine size structure and other things about the structure or body part
70
Percussion
Tapping a body structure with hands to assess consitency
71
Endoscopy
An examination of a cavity with an endoscope
72
CBC
Complete blood count determines anemia infections and other diseases
73
Blood chemistry anyalisis
Determines biochemical imbalances
74
CT
Computed tomography rotates an x ray and measures the intensity of the rays from different angles
75
Fluoroscopy
X rays are directed through the body to a fluorescent screen that displays internal structures in a continuous motion.
76
MRI
Magnetic resonance imaging Uses radio waves and a strong magnetic field instead of x rays
77
Nuclear scan
Radioactive material in the body and a specialized camera produces images of organs
78
PET scan
Positron emission tomography records positrons emitted from a radiopharmecutical to produce an image of the metabolic activity to detect disease.
79
Radiography
X rays are passed through the body and captured on film also called an x ray
80
SPECT
Single photon emission computed tomography tracer injected into the blood stream and stays there. Helps to visualize blood flow through arteries a veins in the brain
81
US
Ultrasonography ultrasounds are directed at soft tissue and reflected as echoes. also called ultrasound. No radiation
82
Biopsy
Microscopic examination of a small piece of tissue to check for disease Excisional = the whole thing removed Incisional = only a small sample removed
83
Ablation
Removal of a body part through chemical destruction freezing electrocautery or RF. Usually removes abnormal tissues
84
Anastomosis
Surgical joining of two ducts to allow flow from one to the other
85
Curettage
Scraping of a body cavity with a curette
86
Electrocauterization
Electrical instrument to burn and destroy diseased tissue
87
I&D
Incision and drainage, incision allows free flow of fluids and puss from a wound, body cavity, ect.
88
Laser surgery
Removes diseased tisssue with a high intensity laser light beam
89
Revision
Fix a botched surgery
90
AP
Anteroposterior
91
Bx
Biposy
92
CBC
Complete blood count
93
CT
Computed tomography
94
Dx
Diagnosis
95
DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid
96
LAT
Lateral
97
Sx
Symptom
98
Tx
Treatmnet

Medical Termonolg Levi (50 decks)

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