Bonding in Materials

Question 1

Ionic Solid Interaction

Answer 1

Ionic

Question 2

Ionic Solid Properties

Answer 2

High Melting Point, Brittle, Hard

Question 3

Molecular Solid Interaction

Answer 3

Hydrogen Bonding, Dipole Dipole,
LDF

Question 4

Molecular Solid Properties

Answer 4

Low MP, Nonconducting

Question 5

Metallic Solid Interaction

Answer 5

Metallic Bonding

Question 6

Metallic Solid Properties

Answer 6

Variable Hardness and MP (depending upon strength of metallic bonding), Conducting

Question 7

Network Solid Interaction

Answer 7

Covalent Bonding

Question 8

Network Solid Properties

Answer 8

High MP, Hard, Nonconducting

Question 9

Lattice energy

Answer 9

the energy that must be supplied to one mole of an ionic crystal in order to separate it into gaseous ions in a vacuum via an endothermic process.

Question 10

Intramolecular Forces

Answer 10

“within” the molecule

Question 11

Intermolecular forces

Answer 11

forces that occur between molecules

Question 12

LDF

Answer 12

intermolecular force between nonpolar molecules caused by the presence of temporary dipoles in the molecules

Question 13

Temporary (induced) dipole

Answer 13

separation of charge produced in an atom or molecule by a momentary uneven distribution of electrons

Question 14

Polarizability

Answer 14

relative ease with which the electron cloud in a molecule, ion, or atom can be distorted, inducing a temporary dipole

Question 15

polarizability ____ with the size of the atom or molecule

Answer 15

increases

Question 16

LDF–> strength of the attraction depends on ____

Answer 16

polarizability

Question 17

The more spread out the molecule, the ____ the opportunity for dispersion forces and the _____ the bp.

Answer 17

stronger; higher

Question 18

Induced Dipole

Answer 18

separation of charge produced in a nonpolar atom or molecule by a momentary uneven distribution of electrons induced by a polar molecule

Question 19

small atoms–> ____ Zeff —> ___ to distort

Answer 19

larger; difficult

Question 20

large atoms–> ____ Zeff —> ___ to distort

Answer 20

smaller; easier

Question 21

Ion induced

Answer 21

atomic ion and nonpolar molecule

Question 22

dipole induced

Answer 22

polar and nonpolar molecule

Question 23

dipole-dipole

Answer 23

attractive force between polar molecules

Question 24

hydrogen bonding

Answer 24

strongest dipole-dipole interaction

occurs between H atom bonded to a small, highly electronegative element (FON)

Question 25

ion dipole

Answer 25

attractive force between an ion and a molecule that has a permanent dipole

Question 26

polar molecules have ____ boiling points than nonpolar molecules

Answer 26

higher

Question 27

in h-bonding, what is the acceptor?

Answer 27

FON

Question 28

in h-bonding, what is the donor?

Answer 28

electropositive H atom

Question 29

The magnitude of ion-dipole force depends on:

Answer 29

- the distance between the ion and the dipole -the charge of the ion -the magnitude of the dipole

Question 30

sphere of hydration

Answer 30

cluster of water molecules surrounding an ion in aqueous solution

Question 31

sphere of solvation

Answer 31

if solvent is other than H2O

Question 32

relative strengths of intermolecular forces (weakest to strongest)

Answer 32

LDF, Induced dipole, dipole dipole, h bonding, ion dipole