Bone Markings Flashcards
(52 cards)
1
Q
Articulations
A
Where two bones meet
2
Q
Head
A
Prominent rounded surface (not just actual head)
3
Q
Facet
A
Flat surface
4
Q
Condyle
A
Rounded surface
5
Q
Projections
A
Raised markings
6
Q
Protuberance
A
Protruding
7
Q
Process
A
Prominence feature
8
Q
Tubercle
A
Small, rounded process
9
Q
Spine
A
Sharp process
10
Q
Tuberoisty
A
Rough surface
11
Q
Line
A
Slight, elongated ridge
12
Q
Crest
A
Ridge
13
Q
Holes
A
Holes and depression
14
Q
Fossa
A
Elongated basin
15
Q
Fovea
A
Small pit
16
Q
Sulcus
A
Groove
17
Q
Canal
A
Passage in bone
18
Q
Fissure
A
Slit through bone
19
Q
Foramen
A
Hole through bone
20
Q
Meatus
A
Opening into canal
21
Q
Sinus
A
Air-filled space in bone
22
Q
Osteocyte
A
maintains bone tissue (mineral concentration)
primary mature bone cell. inside lacuna. secretes enzymes to keep mineral concentration
23
Q
Osteoblast
A
Forms bone matrix (bone formation)
24
Q
Osteogenic cell
A
Stem cell - into osteoblasts
25
Osteoclast
Resorbs bone (injury)
26
Diaphysis
shaft running between proximal and distal ends of the bone
27
Epiphysis
end of each bone, filled with spongy bone
28
medullary cavity
hollow region in diaphysis, filled with yellow marrow
29
Compact bone
Dense and hard, fills walls of diaphysis
30
Red marrow
Fills spongy bone, produces blood cells
31
Epiphyseal plate
hyaline layer of cartilage in growing bone; turns to epiphyseal line in adulthood because it is replaced by osseous tisue
32
endosteum
membrane lining of medullary cavity, for bone growth and repair
33
long bone
cylindrical, greater length than width. arms, legs, fingers, toes. act as levers
34
short bone
cube-like, roughly equal l w h. carpals. stability and support
35
flat bone
thin and curved. cranium, scapulae, sternum, ribs. point of attachment for muscles, protect internal organs
36
irregular bone
all the weird ones. vertebrae, facial bones (sinus)
37
sesamoid bone
small and round. in tendons with pressure from joints (knee cap/patella).
38
endosteum
membrane in medullary cavity for bone growth and repair
39
diaphysis
shaft between proximal and distal ends
40
medullary cavity
hollow region in diaphysis
41
compact bone
walls of diaphysis, dense and hard
42
epiphysis
ends of bone, full of spongy bone and red marrow
43
periosteum
surrounds bone, fibrous. blood/lymphatic vessels, nerves here. tendons and ligaments connect t othese
44
joints covered by
articular cartilage
45
diploe
spongy bone, surrounded by compact bone
46
osteoblast
forms new bone, doesn't divide. secretes collagen and Ca salt.
47
lacuna
the little caves in bones
48
canaliculi channels
does communication and nutrition movement, in bone matrix
49
osteogenic cell
undifferentiated, divides rapidly
50
osteon
made of lamellae. one of the little cells seen in microscope
51
central canal
runs down osteon, holds vessels and nerves
52
perforating canal
lets vessels and nerves out of central canal and into periosteum and endosteum
