Bone Part 1

Question 1

What are the 3 basic components of bone tissue?

Answer 1

Organic (collagen)
Mineral
Water

Question 2

What are mineralized collagen fibril referred to as?

Answer 2

Bone basic building block

Question 3

Is collagen type 1 or 2 more common?

Answer 3

Type 1- 90%

Question 4

Bones are rigid organs that build which skeleton of vertebrates?

Answer 4

Endoskeleton

Question 5

What is the external membrane that continues with tendons called?

Answer 5

Periosteum

Question 6

What is the outer layer of the periosteum called?

Answer 6

Connective tissue

Question 7

What is the inner layer of the periosteum called?

Answer 7

Osteogenic layer

Question 8

What are bundles of type 1 collagen fibers connecting periosteum to bone called?

Answer 8

Sharpey’s fibres

Question 9

What are the 2 stem cell lines that bone cells originate from?

Answer 9

Mesenchymal and Hematopoietic

Question 10

What are osteoblasts, bone lining cells, and osteocytes stem cell line?

Answer 10

Mesenchymal

Question 11

What are osteoclasts stem cell line?

Answer 11

Hematopoietic

Question 12

What lines bone’s surfaces?

Answer 12

Osteoblasts

Question 13

Osteoblasts have cytoplasmic processes to contact with what?

Answer 13

Osteocytes

Question 14

What do osteoblasts secrete that is unmineralized, organic bone material (mostly collagen type 1)?

Answer 14

Osteoid

Question 15

Where is osteoid typically deposited?

Answer 15

Lamella

Question 16

What do osteoblasts take part in inducing?

Answer 16

Mineralization

Question 17

What are resting osteoblasts?

Answer 17

Bone lining cells

Question 18

Where are osteocytes imprisoned in the bone matrix?

Answer 18

Lacunae

Question 19

What percent of bone cells are osteocytes?

Answer 19

90%

Question 20

Are there more or less osteocytes in smaller species?

Answer 20

More

Question 21

What serves as the bones “nervous system”?

Answer 21

Osteocytes

Question 22

What do osteocytes induce?

Answer 22

Bone modeling

Question 23

What resorbs mineralized bone from bone surface or from within the bone tissue?

Answer 23

Osteoclasts

Question 24

What is the formation of bone called?

Answer 24

Ossification or osteogenesis

Question 25

What is Mesenchyme -> bone?

Answer 25

Intramembranous ossification

Question 26

What is mesenchyme - cartilage anlage - bone?

Answer 26

Endochondral ossification

Question 27

What is the formation of flat bones called?

Answer 27

Intramembranous ossification

Question 28

What is it called when bone develops from a preexisting hyaline cartilage model?

Answer 28

Endochondral ossification

Question 29

When Endochondral ossification ends at puberty and the growth plates fuse, what line is left?

Answer 29

Epiphysial line

Question 30

Is osteoblasts and osteoclasts action coupled?

Answer 30

No

Question 31

What do osteocytes induce for dead bone or mineral homeostasis?

Answer 31

Replacing the dead bone

Question 32

Osteoclasts ___ bone tissue, while Osteoblasts ____ new bone to replace it

Answer 32

Remove Deposit

Question 33

What is a cylindrical structure called secondary osteons or Haversian system?

Answer 33

Cutting cone

Question 34

What is a group of lamellar called a hemi-osteon or trabecular packet?

Answer 34

Howship’s lacuna

Question 35

What are secondary osteons and trabecular packets surrounded by?

Answer 35

Cement line

Question 36

What stops the progress of micro cracks?

Answer 36

Cement line

Question 37

What are remnants of older osteons that were left behind after remodeling took place called?

Answer 37

Interstitial lamellae