Bone Tissue & the Skeletal System

Question 1

hard, dense connective tissue that forms most of the adult skeleton

Answer 1

Bone

Question 2

a semi-rigid form of connective tissue

Answer 2

Cartilage

Question 3

5 Functions of the skeletal system

Answer 3

supports the body
facilitates movement
protects internal organs
produces blood cells
stores and releases minerals and fat

Question 4

Bones and Cartilage

Answer 4

Skeletal System

Question 5

type of bone marrow that contains adipose tissue; the triglycerides stored in the adipocytes of the tissue can serve as a source of energy.

Answer 5

Yellow Marrow

Question 6

type of bone marrow where hematopoiesis—the production of blood cells (including red, white, and platelets)—takes place

Answer 6

Red Marrow

Question 7

3 Types of Bone Markings

Answer 7

1) Articulations 2) Projections 3) Holes

Question 8

4 Types of Bone Cells

Answer 8

Osteoblasts, Osteocytes, Osteogenic cells, and Osteoclasts

Question 9

Bone cells that maintain tissue. Specifically, the excrete hormones to maintain mineral concentrations. They are formed from osteoblasts. They are also the most common bone cell.

Answer 9

Osteocyte (cyto=hollow container=maintains tissue)

Question 10

Bone cells responsible for forming new bone. They do not divide. They also excrete collagen and calcium.

Answer 10

Osteoblast (blast off; growth)

Question 11

Bone cells that are stem cells. They are the only cells that divide. They differentiate into osteoblasts.

Answer 11

Osteogenic cell (gene=genetics=fundamental)

Question 12

Bone cells that are responsible for bone breakdown; the “recyclers”

Answer 12

Osteoclast

Question 13

Two modes of ossification (bone development)

Answer 13

intramembranous ossification and endochondral ossification

Question 14

The unmineralized, organic portion of the bone matrix that forms prior to the maturation of bone tissue

Answer 14

Osteoid

Question 15

membrane that covers the cartilage; appears during endochronal ossification

Answer 15

Perichondrium

Question 16

Bone develops from connective tissue

Answer 16

Intramembranous Ossification

Question 17

Bone replaces cartilage

Answer 17

Endochondral Ossification

Question 18

Cell that produce and maintain the cartilaginous matrix

Answer 18

Chondrocytes

Question 19

osteoblast and osteoclast activity occur sequentially in a coupled manner on a given bone surface, which causes bones to increase in diameter

Answer 19

Bone modeling

Question 20

Main reason exercise is good for bones

Answer 20

Stimulates the deposition of mineral salts and collagen fibers. This increases bone density