Bone Tumors Flashcards by Kelly Wynkoop

How would you describe this bone lesion in an 11 y.o male?

What are the ddx?

Aggressive

DDX = Osteosarcoma, Ewing Sarcoma, Osteomyelitis (based on age differentiators)

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What is the mnemonic for ddx for soap bubbly lesions?

FOGMACHINES

Fibrous dysplasia

Osteoblastoma

Giant cell tumor

Myeloma

Aneurysmal bone cyst

Chondroblastoma

Histocytosis X, hyperparathyroidism, hemophilia

Infection

Non-ossifying fibroma

Enchondroma

Simple bone cyst

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What condition results in the appearence of these radiographs?

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What condition results in the appearence of these radiographs?

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What condition results in the appearence of these radiographs?

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What condition results in the appearence of these radiographs?

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What condition results in the appearence of these radiographs?

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What are the 4 primary osteogenic benign tumors?

Osteoid Osteoma

Osteoblastoma

Osteoma

Enostoma

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Consists of highly vascularized nidus of CT

Lucency (lucent nidus) less than 1 to 1.5cm in diameter surrounded by reactive sclerosis

Most commonly cortical based lesion

Most common locations: Femur, Tibia

Age of onset: 7-25

= what benign bone tumor

Osteoid Osteoma

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Lucency with surrounding sclerosis (similar to osteoid osteoma though not as prominent)

Lucency typically larger than that seen with osteoid osteoma

Lucent nidus greater than 1.5-2cm

Eccentrically based medullary lesion

Located typically within the metaphysis or diaphysis

Second pattern: soap bubbly, expansile, lucent lesion

= what benign bone tumor

Osteoblastoma

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Protrude from surface of bone

Most common locations: skull & sinuses

Mutiple lesions of this type is a feature of Gardner syndrome

Dense, well-define lesion, typically less than 2cm

Osteoma

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What condition results in the appearnce of these radiographs?

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AKA bone island

Focal region of sclerosis in medullary space

May be monostotic or polystotic

Most common locations: femur, pelvis, ribs (do not occur in skull)

= what benign bone tumor

Enostoma

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What condition results in the appearence of these radiographs?

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What condition results in the appearence of these radiographs?

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2nd MC primary malignant bone tumor

Most common locations: femur, tibia and humerus (58% occur around knee)

3 basic patterns: Osteoblastic (50%), Osteolytic (25%), Mixed (25%)

Cortical disruption & periosteal reactions common (sunburst appearence & codman’s triangle common)

MC in metaphyseal region

= what aggressive bone tumor

Osteosarcoma

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What condition results in the appearence of these radiographs?

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What condition results in the appearence of these radiographs?

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What condition results in the appearence of these radiographs?

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Tumor composed of masses of hyaline cartilage

Solitary, well defined, medullary based lucency

Endosteal scalloping

MC locations: Wrist & hand (over 50%), then femur, foot, humerus

MC benign tumor of the hand

Most commonly in metataphysis

= what benign cartilaginous tumor

Enchondroma

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What condition results in the appearence of these radiographs?

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What condition results in the appearence of these radiographs?

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Characterized by multiple enchondromas

Metaphyseal based, commonly calcified

= ____ disease

Ollier

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What condition results in the appearence of these radiographs?

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Multiple enchondromas with soft tissue hemangiomas Age of onset = less than 10 Shortened deformed bones Unilateral distribution 50% of the time = ____ syndrome

Maffuci

What condition results in the appearence of these radiographs?

AKA Codman's tumor Well defined often w/ thin sclerotic margin; occasionally may appear soap bubbly Arises from cells of growth plate MC locations = femur, humerus, tibia Typically medullar based = what benign cartilaginous tumor

Chondroblastoma

What condition results in the appearence of these radiographs?

Bony exostosis covered by hyaline cartilage; typically points away from nearby joint May be pedunculated or sessile in shape MC benign tumor of bone = what benign cartilaginous tumor

Osteochondroma

What condition results in the appearence of these radiographs?

Multiple osteochondromas Bilateral distribution Multiple pedunculated & sessile osteocondromas May cause bayonet deformity of wrist/hand = what condition

Hereditary Multiple Exostosis (if no hereditary component = osteochondromatosis)

What condition results in the appearence of these radiographs?

3rd MC primary malignant tumor of bone Two types: Cental & Peripheral Osteolytic lesion w/ long zone of transition/poorly defined Soft tissue mass often w/ calcification Endosteum scalloping & bony expansion may be present = what malignant cartilaginous tumor

Chondrosarcoma

What condition results in the appearence of these radiographs?

Age of onset = 4-8 MC location = lower extremities Well defined lucency, cortical based Typically between 1-3 cm in size Often demonstrates a thin rim of sclerosis May have a soap bubbly appearance MC metaphyseal in location = what beningn fibrous tumor

Fibrous Cortical Defect (AKA Fibrous Xanthoma)

What condition results in the appearence of these radiographs?

Age of onset = 8-20 MC location = lower extremity Lucent well defined lesion Most commonly metaphyseal Eccentrically located in medullary bone adjacent to/involving cortex Greater than 3cm in size Often demonstrate soap bubbly appearance = what benign fibrous tumor

Non Ossifying Fibroma (AKA fibrous xanthoma)

What condition results in the apperance of these radiographs?

Osteolytic lesion w/ poorly defined margins (long zone of transition) Often large Minimal to no periosteal reaction Metaphyseal in location Large soft tissue mass associated MC medullary based Age of onset = 25-55 = what aggressive fibrous tumor

Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma

What condition results in the apperance of these radiographs?

What are the findings/ddx for this case of 18 YOM w/ knee pain for last 2 months

What are the findings/ddx for this case 65 YOF w/ neck pain for past several mo. with insidious onset

What are the findings/ddx for this case of 20 YOM w/ severe leg pain w/ redness & swelling

What are the findings/ddx for this case of 70 YOM w/ low back & right thigh pain

What are the findings/ddx for this case of 18 YOM w/ right sided low back pain of insidious onset

What pathology is shown here?

General & radiographic features of ____ include: - Localized form of plasma cell myeloma - Soap bubbly lucency (large in side, \>4 cm) - Expansile

Solitary Plasmacytoma

What pathology is shown here?

Radiographic findings of ___ include: - Osteopenia - Multiple well define lucencies ("punched out lesions")

Multiple myeloma

What pathology is shown here?

Radiographic findings of ____ include: - 60% of the time is polystotic - Occurs in diaphysis in long bones - 75% is lytic (permeative/motheaten) - Common to demonstrate soft tissue masses - DDx for ivory vertebra

Hodgkin lymphoma

Radiographic appearence for ____ includes: - Typically permeative/motheaten - Medullary based - Minimal or absent periosteal reactions - Commonly polystotic

Non-hodgkin Lymphoma

What pathology is shown here?

Radiographic findings of ___ include: - Osteopenia - Lucent metaphyseal bands - Periostitis - Lytic bone lesions

Childhood leukemia

Radiographic appearence of ___ includes: - Expansile lucent lesion - Soap bubbly appearance - Eccentrically located in bone - Cortical thinning - Typically in the metaphysis - Typically no periosteal reactions

Aneurysmal Bone cyst

What pathology is shown here?

Radiographic appearence of ____ includes: - Predominately involves the vertebral body but may involve or extend into the neural arch - Accentuated or prominent vertical trabecula within vertebral body (referred to as the corduroy cloth appearance) - Bone appears more radiolucent surround the prominent vertical trabecula

Hemangioma

What pathology is shown here?

Bone Tumors Flashcards

(75 cards)