bones Flashcards
Cranium bones
Frontal: forehead
R/L parietal: sup. Skull
Temporal: lower sides, includes outstretch connected to zygomatic
Occipital: lower posterior
Types of bone sutures
Coronal: frontal to parietal bones
Squamous: temporal to parietal bones
Sagittal: between parietal bones
Lambdoid: occipital to parietal bones
Locate:
Mandible. Maxilla. Nasal. Zygomatic. Frontal bone
Mandible: lower jaw 2x
Maxilla: from top teeth to lower orbit (enters orbit floor)
Nasal: From maxilla to frontal bone 2x
Frontal: from top of orbit to parietal bones
Locate:
Lacrimal. Ethmoid. Palatine. Sphenoid
Lacrimal: nasal orbit, contacts maxillary
Ethmoid: Pos. to lacrimal, contacts sphenoid, projects middle nasal concha (not inf. Concha)
Palatine: Pos. roof of mouth, partially present in orbit inf. Ethmoid
Sphenoid: contacts zygomatic, continues frontal bone as inset into skull
Sphenoid bone structures
Greater wings: inf. Inset behind eye
Lesser wings: sup. Inset behind eye, above ON
Pterygoid processes: downward inset
Sella turcica: body
Location of passages in sphenoid from front to back from above
Optic canal Sup/Inf orbital fissure Foramen rotundum Foramen ovale Foramen spinosum Foramen lacerum (medial to spinosum)
what passes foramen rotundum/ovale
Rotundum: CN V2 (Maxillary division of trigeminal) to pterygopalatine fossa
Ovale: CN V3 (mandibular division of trigeminal)
Cranial fossa’s
Ant. Cranial fossa: frontal / ethmoid bones, and lesser wing of sphenoid
Middle cranial fossa: sphenoid / temporal / parietal bones
Pos. cranial fossa: occipital bone
Periosteum
Membrane covering orbit bones
Continuous with dura at ON
Forms orbital septum and tarsal plates.
Lacrimal fossa
Trench in lacrimal bone for the lacrimal sac.
Sup. And nasal in orbit
Infraorbital groove
Groove from Inf. Orbital fissure along orbit floor to infraorbital foramen for infraorbital vessels and nerve
Supra/infra orbital foramen location and passage of
Supra: through frontal bone, under eyebrow.
Supraorbital nerve / vein / artery (for LPS)
Infra: through maxilla below eye. Passes infraorbital nerve / vein / artery (lower lid)
Sup. Orbital fissure
Between lesser/greater wings of sphenoid
Passes CN III, IV, V, VI
Anchors EOM’s
Inf. Orbital fissure
Between maxilla / greater wing of sphenoid
Passes infraorbital A/V/N, zygomatic nerves (branches of CN V)
Communicates orbit with pterygoid fossa (inf. Ophthalmic v)
Optic canal
Within lesser wing of sphenoid
Passes ON / ophthalmic artery
Ethmoid bone structures:
Cribriform plate: nasal floor of cranium
Crista galli: upward protrusion in cribriform
Perpendicular plate: forms nasal septa
Sup./mid. concha within nasal cavity
Temporal bone structures from above
Foramen lacerum: passes carotid, present below and medial to foramen ovale
Internal acoustic meatus: passage CN VII, temporal to foramen magnum
Occipital bone structures from above
Foramen magnum: spinal cord passage
Jugular foramen: passage nerves and internal jugular, medial and below internal acoustic meatus
Temporal bone from below
Foramen lacerum: Ant. To foramen magnum separating sphenoid
Carotid canal: anterior to foramen magnum
Jugular foramen: medial to foramen magnum (Large)
Stylomastoid foramen: temporal to jugular foramen, under ear
Sphenoid bone from below:
Foramen ovale: ant. To foramen lacerum
Foramen spinosum: Temporal to Ovale
Paranasal sinus locations
All connected to nasal cavity.
Frontal: behind frontal bone
Maxillary: behind maxillary bone above teeth
Ethmoidal: within ethmoid bone space
Sphenoidal: within sphenoid bone below optic chiasm
Nasal septum structure
Ant. Cartilage
Sup./Pos. ethmoid bone
Inf./Pos. Vomer bone
Frontal sinus innervation/vasculature
Innervation: CN V branch (supraorbital nerve)
Vascular: Supraorbital / Ant. Ethmoidal arteries. Supraorbital vein
Maxillary sinus innervation and vasculature
Innervation: maxillary branch of CN V
Vascular: infraorbital/maxillary arteries
