bones

Question 1

Cranium bones

Answer 1

Frontal: forehead
R/L parietal: sup. Skull
Temporal: lower sides, includes outstretch connected to zygomatic
Occipital: lower posterior

Question 2

Types of bone sutures

Answer 2

Coronal: frontal to parietal bones
Squamous: temporal to parietal bones
Sagittal: between parietal bones
Lambdoid: occipital to parietal bones

Question 3

Locate:

Mandible. Maxilla. Nasal. Zygomatic. Frontal bone

Answer 3

Mandible: lower jaw 2x
Maxilla: from top teeth to lower orbit (enters orbit floor)
Nasal: From maxilla to frontal bone 2x
Frontal: from top of orbit to parietal bones

Question 4

Locate:

Lacrimal. Ethmoid. Palatine. Sphenoid

Answer 4

Lacrimal: nasal orbit, contacts maxillary
Ethmoid: Pos. to lacrimal, contacts sphenoid, projects middle nasal concha (not inf. Concha)
Palatine: Pos. roof of mouth, partially present in orbit inf. Ethmoid
Sphenoid: contacts zygomatic, continues frontal bone as inset into skull

Question 5

Sphenoid bone structures

Answer 5

Greater wings: inf. Inset behind eye
Lesser wings: sup. Inset behind eye, above ON
Pterygoid processes: downward inset
Sella turcica: body

Question 6

Location of passages in sphenoid from front to back from above

Answer 6

Optic canal
Sup/Inf orbital fissure
Foramen rotundum
Foramen ovale
Foramen spinosum
Foramen lacerum (medial to spinosum)

Question 7

what passes foramen rotundum/ovale

Answer 7

Rotundum: CN V2 (Maxillary division of trigeminal) to pterygopalatine fossa
Ovale: CN V3 (mandibular division of trigeminal)

Question 8

Cranial fossa’s

Answer 8

Ant. Cranial fossa: frontal / ethmoid bones, and lesser wing of sphenoid
Middle cranial fossa: sphenoid / temporal / parietal bones
Pos. cranial fossa: occipital bone

Question 9

Periosteum

Answer 9

Membrane covering orbit bones
Continuous with dura at ON
Forms orbital septum and tarsal plates.

Question 10

Lacrimal fossa

Answer 10

Trench in lacrimal bone for the lacrimal sac.

Sup. And nasal in orbit

Question 11

Infraorbital groove

Answer 11

Groove from Inf. Orbital fissure along orbit floor to infraorbital foramen for infraorbital vessels and nerve

Question 12

Supra/infra orbital foramen location and passage of

Answer 12

Supra: through frontal bone, under eyebrow.
Supraorbital nerve / vein / artery (for LPS)
Infra: through maxilla below eye. Passes infraorbital nerve / vein / artery (lower lid)

Question 13

Sup. Orbital fissure

Answer 13

Between lesser/greater wings of sphenoid
Passes CN III, IV, V, VI
Anchors EOM’s

Question 14

Inf. Orbital fissure

Answer 14

Between maxilla / greater wing of sphenoid
Passes infraorbital A/V/N, zygomatic nerves (branches of CN V)
Communicates orbit with pterygoid fossa (inf. Ophthalmic v)

Question 15

Optic canal

Answer 15

Within lesser wing of sphenoid

Passes ON / ophthalmic artery

Question 16

Ethmoid bone structures:

Answer 16

Cribriform plate: nasal floor of cranium
Crista galli: upward protrusion in cribriform
Perpendicular plate: forms nasal septa
Sup./mid. concha within nasal cavity

Question 17

Temporal bone structures from above

Answer 17

Foramen lacerum: passes carotid, present below and medial to foramen ovale
Internal acoustic meatus: passage CN VII, temporal to foramen magnum

Question 18

Occipital bone structures from above

Answer 18

Foramen magnum: spinal cord passage

Jugular foramen: passage nerves and internal jugular, medial and below internal acoustic meatus

Question 19

Temporal bone from below

Answer 19

Foramen lacerum: Ant. To foramen magnum separating sphenoid
Carotid canal: anterior to foramen magnum
Jugular foramen: medial to foramen magnum (Large)
Stylomastoid foramen: temporal to jugular foramen, under ear

Question 20

Sphenoid bone from below:

Answer 20

Foramen ovale: ant. To foramen lacerum

Foramen spinosum: Temporal to Ovale

Question 21

Paranasal sinus locations

Answer 21

All connected to nasal cavity.
Frontal: behind frontal bone
Maxillary: behind maxillary bone above teeth
Ethmoidal: within ethmoid bone space
Sphenoidal: within sphenoid bone below optic chiasm

Question 22

Nasal septum structure

Answer 22

Ant. Cartilage
Sup./Pos. ethmoid bone
Inf./Pos. Vomer bone

Question 23

Frontal sinus innervation/vasculature

Answer 23

Innervation: CN V branch (supraorbital nerve)
Vascular: Supraorbital / Ant. Ethmoidal arteries. Supraorbital vein

Question 24

Maxillary sinus innervation and vasculature

Answer 24

Innervation: maxillary branch of CN V
Vascular: infraorbital/maxillary arteries

Question 25

Ethmoidal sinuses innervation and vasculature

Answer 25

Innervated by ant./pos. ethmoidal nerves CN V, and orbital branches of pterygopalatine ganglion
Vascular: Ant./Pos. ethmoidal arteries/veins

Question 26

Sphenoid sinus innervation and vasculature

Answer 26

Innervated by pos. ethmoidal nerve CN V, and pterygopalatine ganglion
Vascular: pos. ethmoidal arteries/veins

Question 27

Sinus infection

Answer 27

Occurs via nasal infection
Inflammation causes pain due to CN V innervation
Pain can be localized to specific sinus
Can spread to orbit via ethmoidal sinus

Question 28

Foramen Posterior to Foramen spinosum from above

Answer 28

internal acoustic meatus: Temporal bone
Jugular foramen: below meatus
Foramen magnum: large between jugular foramen’