bones Flashcards
(29 cards)
osteoblast
mononucleate bone-forming cells that descend from osteoprogenitor cells. They are located on the surface of osteoid seams and make a protein mixture known as osteoid, which mineralizes to become bone.
osteoid
primarily composed of Type I collagen
osteon
the chief structural unit of compact (cortical) bone, consisting of concentric bone layers called lamellae, which surround a long hollow passageway
osteocyte
originate from osteoblasts that have migrated into and become trapped and surrounded by bone matrix that they themselves produce. The spaces they occupy are known as lacunae. formation of bone, matrix maintenance and calcium homeostasis.
osteoclast
cells responsible for bone resorption (remodeling of bone to reduce its volume). Osteoclasts are large, multinucleated cells located on bone surfaces in what are called Howship’s lacunae or resorption pits.
mature bone cells
osteocytes
immature bone cells
osteoblast
osteon
the chief structural unit of compact (cortical) bone, consisting of concentric bone layers called lamellae, which surround a long hollow passageway
osteocyte
originate from osteoblasts that have migrated into and become trapped and surrounded by bone matrix that they themselves produce. The spaces they occupy are known as lacunae. formation of bone, matrix maintenance and calcium homeostasis.
osteoclast
cells responsible for bone resorption (remodeling of bone to reduce its volume). Osteoclasts are large, multinucleated cells located on bone surfaces in what are called Howship’s lacunae or resorption pits.
mature bone cells
osteocytes
immature bone cells
osteoblast
remodeling
(bone turnover) is the process of resorption followed by replacement of bone with little change in shape and occurs throughout a person’s life
purpose of remodeling
The purpose of remodeling is to regulate calcium homeostasis, repair micro-damaged bones (from everyday stress)
calcium cycle
helps to recycle your bones so that you have calcium in your body at all times. Constantly digesting your bone structure
yellow bone marrow
storage reserve for fatty acids
basics of bone building
Need an artery when laying down compact bone. Osteoblast will start to build the bone once the vasculature is laid down. Convert to osteocytes when they are resting in the space
angiogenesis
making new arteries. essential for bones
hyaline cartilage
the articulate cartilage in all your joints
Fibrocartilages
more dense and less flexible because it has more collagen. It is harder to fix. This is used primarily in joints
what happens if cartilage isn’t being used?
you loose it.
trabeculae
anastomosing bony spicules in cancellous bone which form a meshwork of intercommunicating spaces that are filled with bone marrow.
epiphysis
The end of a long bone that is originally separated from the main bone by a layer of cartilage but that later becomes united to the main bone through ossification.
epiphyseal plate
a thin layer of cartilage between the epiphysis, a secondary bone-forming center, and the bone shaft. The new bone forms along the plate. Epiphyseal plates remain open until late adolescence. Also called growth plate.
