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HES 120 > BONES > Flashcards

BONES Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 different shapes of bones?

A

Long, Short, Flat, Irregular, Sesamoid Bones

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2
Q

What shape are long bones and what are 2 examples?

A

Long, Tubular in shape. 2 examples are: Humerus and Femur

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3
Q

What shape are short bones and what are 2 examples?

A

Cuboidal in shape. 2 examples are: Carpals (Hand and wrist) and tarsals (foot)

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4
Q

What are some examples of flat bones (2)

A

Bones of skull and sternum

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5
Q

What shape are sesamoid bones and what are the only sesamoid bones in body?

A

Round/oval in shape. Only ones in body are 2 in each thumb, 2 in each big toe, and the patella (2)

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6
Q

What are irregular bones and what is an example

A

Bones of various shapes, and the bones of the face are irregular

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7
Q

What bones are part of the axial skeletal system

A

Bones of the skull, vertebral column, ribs, sternum

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8
Q

What bones are part of the appendicular system?

A

Bones of the upper and lower limbs

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9
Q

How many cranial and facial bones does the skull contain

A

8 cranial and 14 facial

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10
Q

What cranial bones do we need to know and what facial bones do we need to know

A

Cranial: frontal, parietal, occipital, sphenoid temporal. Facial: maxilla, mandible

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11
Q

How many vertebrae in total? What is each one of them called and how many is there

A

7 Cervical
12 Thoracic
5 Lumbar
5 Sacral( fused as one)
4 Coccygeal (fused as one)

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12
Q

Definition of process

A

Outgrowth coming off of a bone

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13
Q

Definition of articular

A

Relating to a joint or region joint is located

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14
Q

Definition of Foramen

A

An opening or hole in bone

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15
Q

LUMBAR:
One special feature
Body:
Vertebral Foramen:
Transverse process:
Spinous Process:
Does it have articular process?

A

Special feature- largest and heaviest of them all
Body- kidney shape
Vertebral Foramen-triangular shape
Transverse process- short
Spinous process- thick, point posteriorly
Yea it does.

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16
Q

THORACIC:
Body:
One special feature:
Vertebral Foramen:
Transverse process:
Spinous Process:
Are costal facets only in thoracic? Y or N
Does it have articular process

A

Special feature: Articulate with the ribs
Heart shape
body- heart shape
Vertebral foramen- circular
transverse process- long
spinous- long and inferior pointing
Yes costal facets are only in thoracic.
Yes it does

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17
Q

CERVICAL:
Body:
Vertebral Foramen:
Transverse process:
Spinous Process:
Articular process:
Does it contain transverse Forman?

A

body- small and oval
vertebral foramen- triangular
transverse process- contains transverse foramen
spinous process- unique fork shape
articular facet- superior and inferior
Yes it does

18
Q

Special features of C1
Is it atlas or axis?
does it have spinous process
does it have vertebral foramen
does it have superior articular facets

A

Atlas
No spinous process
yes vertebral foramen
yes superior articular facets

19
Q

Special features of C2
is it atlas or axis
Does it have dens
does it have a body
does it have transverse process
does it have spinous process

A

Axis
yes to dens
yes to body
yes to transverse process
yes to spinous process

20
Q

what is sacrum?

A

forms posterior wall of pelvic cavity. Has a base and apex

21
Q

what does the coccyx articulate with ?

A

articulates with inferior articular surface of sacrum

22
Q

how many pairs of ribs are there and which ones are true, false, and floating

A

12 pairs of ribs. 7 true, 8-12 are false, bottom 2 floating

23
Q

tell me about the rib structure including the head, tubercle, and the rib shaft

A

Head: articulates with body of thoracic vertebrae
Tubercle: articulates with transverse process of thoracic vertebrae.
Rib shaft: anteriorly connects to sternum

24
Q

What is included in the shoulder girdle

A

scapula and clavicle

24
Q

what bones are included in the upper extremity

A

humerous, ulna, radius, bones of the hand

25
Q

what are the three parts of the pelvis

A

ilium, ischium, pubis

26
Q

What bones included in lower extremity

A

femur, tibia, fibula, bones of the feet

27
Q

what is the scapula known as and what does it sit on

A

“shoulder blade” sits on posterior rib cage

28
Q

Radius and Ulna

A

Radius:on the same side of your thumb
Ulna: end of ulna is olecranon which is the boney bump. The elbow is made up of 3 joints.

29
Q

Thumb:
how many carpal.
How many metacarpal
How many phalanges

A

8 carpal
5 metacarpal
14 phalanges (proximal, middle, distal) BUT thumb only has Distal and Proximal.

30
Q

What does the femur articulate to?

A

articulates to hip bone ( acetabulum of innominate)

31
Q

where does patella articulate to?

A

Distal end of femur. Located in the quadriceps and tendon

32
Q

What does the tibia articulate with

A

articulates with femur proximally and tarsal bones distally and fibula laterally.

33
Q

how many tarsal, metatarsal, and phallnges does big toe( hallux) have?

A

7 tarsal( know calcaneus and talus)
5 metatarsals
14 phalnges
BUT big toe only had proximal and distal, no middle

34
Q

What is the intervertebral disc and where is it?

A

A cushion of fibrocartilage and between every vertebrae.

35
Q

What does the clavicle connect to?

A

Connects to scapula at one end (acromial) and the sternum at the other.

36
Q

Is the humerous the largest bone of the upper limbs?

A

Yes!

37
Q

Is the tibia or fibula the primary weight barrier.

A

Tibia

38
Q

What is compact bone?

A

Dense bone that forms the outer shell of all bones. Surrounds sponges bone

39
Q

What is sponges bone?

A

Forms a scaffolding- like centre of bones, which forms cavities that are filled with bone marrow

HES 120 (16 decks)

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