Bones

Question 1

What is ossification

Answer 1

Ossification is the process where bones are being remodelled. Throught this process parts of the bones are reabsorbed , so unnecessary calcium is removed (via osteoclasts) while new layers of bone tissues are created

Question 2

What is osteoblasts

Answer 2

They are cells that bring calcium to your bones. they are response for creating bone matter. Osteoblasts activity increases when you exercise. So your bones become stronger the more you exercise

Question 3

What do the end of long bones contain

Answer 3

They contain plate which allow the bone to grow longer. This continues until bones are fully mature. These areas are called the epiphyseal plates and allow the bones to extend. Once the head is formed it fuses with the main shaft to create epiphyseal line

Question 4

Describe the vertebrae/backbone

Answer 4

-Also called vertebral column or spine
-33 small bones in a line
-Protects the spinal cord
Held together by powerful ligaments

Question 5

What are the types of bones in the spine and how many of each are there?

Answer 5

-cervical (7), thoracic (12), lumbar (5), sacrum (5), coccyx (4)
-The vertebrae of the sacrum and coccyx are fused.

Question 6

What bones is the pelvis made from?

Answer 6

ilium, ischium, and pubis.

Question 7

Name the bones in the upper body

Answer 7

Clavicle , sternum , scapula

Question 8

Name the bones in the arm and hand

Answer 8

Humerous , ulna , radius , carpals , metacarpals

Question 9

Name the bones in the legs and the feet

Answer 9

Femur , tibia , fibula , tarsals , metatarsals

Question 10

What are the finger and toe bones called

Answer 10

Phalanges

Question 11

Name the types of bones

Answer 11

Short bones
Long bones
Sesamoid
Irregular
Flat

Question 12

Name the knee bone

Answer 12

Patella

Question 13

Name the two group of bones

Answer 13

Axial skeleton (80)
Appendicular (126)

Question 14

Describe upper limbs

Answer 14

Consists of 60 bones (30 each arm)

Question 15

Describe lower limbs

Answer 15

Consists of 60 bones (30 each leg)

Question 16

Shoulder griddle

Answer 16

Consists of 4 bones ( 2 clavicles - 2 scapula

Question 17

Pelvic griddle

Answer 17

3 bones ilium , pelvic , ishcium

Question 18

Name functions of skeletal system

Answer 18

• support and weight bearing
  Bones give body shape and provide a supporting framework
• protection
  Protect vital tissue & organs
• source of blood cell production
  Blood vessels feed centre of your bones & store blood marrow
• store of minerals
  Bone is a reservoir for minerals such as calcium. Essential for bone growth

Question 19

Joint capsule

Answer 19

Help to hold bones in place

Question 20

Bursa

Answer 20

Small fluid sac providing a cushion between the tendons. Prevents friction

Question 21

Articular cartilage

Answer 21

On the end bones, provide a smooth and slippery covering to stop bones from rubbing

Question 22

Synovial fluid

Answer 22

Lubricates the joint

Question 23

The ligaments

Answer 23

Support joint

Question 24

Name the 3 type of joints

Answer 24

-fixed
-cartilaginous
-synovial

Question 25

Describe the fixed joints

Answer 25

They do not move They form when bones interlock and overlap during early childhood Held together by bands or tough , fibrous tissue

Question 26

Describe the cartilaginous joint

Answer 26

Allow slight movement End of bones are covered in a smooth , shiny covering known as articular. Reducing friction between bones

Question 27

Describe synovial joints

Answer 27

Freely moveable joints Offer highest level of mobility and are vital to all sporting movement Make up most of joints in limbs

Question 28

Name the type of synovial joints

Answer 28

Hinge Ball and socket Condyloid Gliding Pivot Saddle

Question 29

What are the use of minerals

Answer 29

Calcium and vitamin d are essential for formation and growth or bone tissue. Vitamin d Is needed to absorb calcium

Question 30

What is at the end of each long bone

Answer 30

Plates which allow the bone to grow longer. These areas are called the epiphyseal plates which allow bones to extend. Epiphyseal line fuses with the main shaft when bone bones is fully formed