Bones (7)

Question 1

The skeletal system consists of the

Answer 1

bones and cartilages

Question 2

About ?% of the body weight is contributed by the bones.

Answer 2

18

Question 3

The adult skeleton consists of ? bones.

Answer 3

206

Question 4

the fetal skeleton has more than ? bones

Answer 4

270

Question 5

hematopoiesis

Answer 5

Formation of blood cells

Question 6

Cartilage water content

Answer 6

80%

Question 7

Cartilage is

Answer 7

flexible connective tissue that protects your joints and bones
No nerve supply and blood supply

Question 8

Types of cartilage

Answer 8

Hyaline elastic and fibro cartilage

Question 9

Hyaline cartilage

Answer 9

Most abundant
Slightly flexible
extracellular material composed of chondroitin sulfate and protein fibers.

Question 10

Mature cartilage cells in lacunae

Answer 10

Chondrocytes

Question 11

Elastic cartilage

Answer 11

Around ear,

Question 12

Fibrocartilage

Answer 12

Slightly movable joints
Lots of collagen fibers

Question 13

Appositional growth

Answer 13

the chondroblasts located deep to the perichondrium secrete new ECM on the superficial surface of the cartilage, therefore, the new cartilage forms from outside in.

Question 14

Interstitial Growth

Answer 14

Inside out

Question 15

Compact/ivory

Answer 15

Strong, 80% in body

Question 16

Spongy/cancellate /trabecular

Answer 16

Skull,vertebrae

Question 17

Small bones

Answer 17

pisiform in the wrist, stapes in the ear.

Question 18

Long bones

Answer 18

Femur tibia fibula foot finger toes

Question 19

Large bones

Answer 19

Coxal(pelvis) most common

Question 20

Flat bones

Answer 20

Sternum ribs

Question 21

Short bones

Answer 21

Carpals tarsals

Question 22

Irregular bone s

Answer 22

Vertebrae

Question 23

Wormian/sutural

Answer 23

Back of skull, ossification centers

Question 24

Sesamoid bone

Answer 24

Kneecap

Question 25

Diaphysis

Answer 25

Middle part of long bone, made up of compact bone

Question 26

Medullary cavity

Answer 26

Yellow bone marrow, where heemopoises takes place

Question 27

Epiphysis

Answer 27

End of each long bone, compact bone (outside) spongy bone (inside)

Question 28

Periosteum

Answer 28

Diaphysis of bones covering insertion points of tendons and ligaments Osteoblasts (bone forming) and osteoclasts (dissolve old bone)

Question 29

Endosteum

Answer 29

Inner surface

Question 30

Bone cells

Answer 30

Osteoblasts,osteocytes,osteoclasts

Question 31

Osteoblasts

Answer 31

Deposit new bone Originate from osteoprogenitors Secrete bone matrix-osteoid

Question 32

Deposition of calcium

Answer 32

Calcification

Question 33

Formation of bone

Answer 33

Ossification

Question 34

Osteocytes

Answer 34

Originally the osteoblasts but trapped in bone matrix

Question 35

Osteoclasts

Answer 35

Large and have a ruffled border secret axis dissolve the bone matrix during bone resorption Old bone to new bone

Question 36

compact bone

Answer 36

found in the walls of the diaphyses of long bones and forms the outer layer of all the bones. dense and strong composed of osteons

Question 37

osteons

Answer 37

made of osteocytes, form the haversian system

Question 38

spongy bone/ cancellated bone

Answer 38

no osteons/haversian system made up of trabeculae

Question 39

fetal development

Answer 39

the skeleton is made up of only hyaline cartilage, and formation of bone begins at about 6 weeks of pregnancy.

Question 40

bone formation/ossification/osteogenesis types

Answer 40

intramembranous and endochondral

Question 41

intramembranous ossification

Answer 41

formation of skull bones

Question 42

Endochondral ossification

Answer 42

every bone except skull bones formation

Question 43

long bones grow longer at

Answer 43

epiphyseal plates

Question 44

Bone Growth in Width

Answer 44

The bones grow in width or diameter during the adult life.

Question 45

bone remodeling

Answer 45

osteoclasts remodel old bone into new bone,

Question 46

bone resorption

Answer 46

osteoclasts secrete acid, which dissolves the bone matrix during bone resorption, known as clastogenesis or osteoclastic activity

Question 47

Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)

Answer 47

maintains the blood calcium removes the calcium from the bone leading to an increase in blood calcium levels, hypercalcemia.

Question 48

Calcitonin

Answer 48

maintains the blood calcium secreted by the thyroid, and it lowers the blood calcium levels, hypocalcemia, by promoting incorporation of calcium into bone

Question 49

Growth Hormone/somatotropin

Answer 49

-secreted by pituitary gland -causes bones to brow

Question 50

Thyroid Hormones

Answer 50

-bone development -low of thyroid may cause dwarfism

Question 51

estrogen

Answer 51

maintains bone density lack causes bone to become porous

Question 51

vitamin d3

Answer 51

absorption of calcium in the intestine lack causes long bone curved

Question 52

osteoporosis

Answer 52

bones are porous/weak

Question 53

osteomalacia

Answer 53

bones are soft

Question 54

osteopenia

Answer 54

decrease in bone density

Question 55

Colle’s fracture

Answer 55

distal forearm

Question 56

Pott’s fracture

Answer 56

ankle

Question 57

Greenstick fracture

Answer 57

bone does not break into pieces

Question 58

Comminuted fracture

Answer 58

bone breaks into more than 2 pieces

Question 59

compression fracture

Answer 59

severe pain/loss of function