bones and joints

Question 1

how many bones in adult skeleton?

Answer 1

206

Question 2

are there more bones in the hand and wrist or the foot and ankle?

Answer 2

hand and wrist

Question 3

how many bones in hand and wrist?

Answer 3

27

Question 4

how many bones in foot and ankle?

Answer 4

26

Question 5

how many bones in child skeleton?

Answer 5

270

Question 6

what is the head of a bone called?

Answer 6

epiphysis

Question 7

what is the shaft of a bone called?

Answer 7

diaphysis

Question 8

what separates the epiphysis and diaphysis of a bone?

Answer 8

epiphyseal plate

Question 9

what is the first bone in the body to become a bone?

Answer 9

clavicle (collar bone)

Question 10

what age are you when all your bones are fused together?

Answer 10

late 20s

Question 11

what is the last bone to fuse together?

Answer 11

clavicle (collar bone)

Question 12

what type of bone is in the epiphysis of the bone?

Answer 12

cancellous bone

Question 13

what type of cartilage is in the epiphysis of the bone (end of bone)?

Answer 13

articular

Question 14

what type of bone is in the diaphysis?

Answer 14

compact bone

Question 15

what are the layers in the diaphysis from outer to inner?

Answer 15

periosteum
compact bone
marrow cavity

Question 16

what does articular cartilage do at the end of a bone?

Answer 16

protects

Question 17

what does cancellous bone look like?

Answer 17

sponge

Question 18

what surrounds bone?

Answer 18

compact bone

Question 19

what is the 2 types of marrow?

Answer 19

red and yellow

Question 20

what happens in red marrow?

Answer 20

bone marrow formed

Question 21

what is in yellow marrow?

Answer 21

fat

Question 22

what allows a bone to grow?

Answer 22

epiphyseal plate

Question 23

what are the 3 types of joints?

Answer 23

synovial
fibrous
cartilaginous

Question 24

what is a synovial joint?

Answer 24

extensive movement
smooth cartilage
synovial fluid in a capsule

Question 25

what is a fibrous joint?

Answer 25

no synovial cavity joint held together by dense connective tissue

Question 26

give an example of a synovial joint?

Answer 26

elbow knee hip

Question 27

give an example of a fibrous joint?

Answer 27

skull

Question 28

what is a cartilaginous joint?

Answer 28

no synovial little moment held together by cartilage

Question 29

give an example of a cartilaginous joint?

Answer 29

pelvis

Question 30

what are the components of synovial joints?

Answer 30

bones articular (hyaline) cartilage marginal (fibro) cartilage synovial fluid joint capsule ligaments (passive stabilisers) musculo tendinous support (active stabilisers) tendons muscle to move joint

Question 31

do the sutures of the skull move? why?

Answer 31

no movement to allow skull growth to adulthood

Question 32

what are syndesmoses?

Answer 32

- fibrous joint between 2 bones, linked by ligaments and a strong membrane - greater distance between articular surface - more dense connective tissue - distal tibia and fibula

Question 33

when does the anterior fontanelle close?

Answer 33

between 9 and 18 months

Question 34

when does the posterior fontanelle close?

Answer 34

by 1 or 2 months

Question 35

which fontanelle can be closed at birth?

Answer 35

posterior fontanelle

Question 36

what is a synchondrosis?

Answer 36

cartilaginous joint where hyaline cartilage completely joins 2 bones - immovable joint

Question 37

where are temporary synchondroses found?

Answer 37

epiphyseal plates, ilium/ischium/pubis

Question 38

where are permanent synchondroses found?

Answer 38

1st sternocostal joint

Question 39

what are the 2 parts of the Skeleton of the head?

Answer 39

neurocranium and viscerocranium

Question 40

what is the neurocranium and how many bones are part of it?

Answer 40

bony covering of brain and meninges 8

Question 41

what is the viscerocranium and how many bones are part of it?

Answer 41

facial skeleton 14

Question 42

what is the floor and roof of the neurocranium called?

Answer 42

roof = calvaria floor = cranial base

Question 43

what does pneumatised mean?

Answer 43

air within the bones

Question 44

what vessels may rupture if there is trauma at the pterion?

Answer 44

middle meningeal artery and vein

Question 45

what is the weakest part of the skull found? what bones meet here?

Answer 45

pterion frontal, parietal, sphenoid and temporal

Question 46

where do spinal nerves exit vertebral canals?

Answer 46

vertebral foramina

Question 47

what is the function of the atlas?

Answer 47

helps hold up the skull

Question 48

what does the acromio- clavicular joint join?

Answer 48

appendicular to axial skeleton

Question 49

why do the bones of the spine get bigger going down?

Answer 49

holding more of the body

Question 50

what links the left and right to form a full circle at the pelvis?

Answer 50

symphysis pubis

Question 51

what is the hip joint called?

Answer 51

acetabulum

Question 52

why is the shoulder more easy to dislocate than the hip?

Answer 52

as the hip has a deeper joint

Question 53

what are the categories of bones in hand?

Answer 53

14 phalanges 5 metatarsals 8 carpal bones

Question 54

what are the categories of bones in the feet?

Answer 54

14 phalanges 5 metatarsals 7 tarsal bone