Bones and Skeletal Tissue Flashcards
(14 cards)
What are the functions of bones?
Support Protection Movement Mineral Storage Hematopoiesis - blood cell formation
What are the two types of bones (gross anatomy)?
Compact - dense outer layer
Spongy - honeycomb of trabeculae
What are the two components of long bones?
Diaphysis and Epiphysis
What is a diaphysis?
tubular shaft that forms the axis of long bones
What is a diaphysis composed of?
Compact bone that surrounds the medullary cavity, which contains yellow bone marrow (fat)
What is a epiphysis?
Expanded ends of long bones
What is epiphyses composed of?
Exterior is compact bone; interior is spongy bone
The joint surface is covered by _____ cartilage in epiphyses.
articular (hyaline)
What are the two types of bone membranes?
Periosteum and Endosteum
What is the periosteum?
A double-layered protective membrane that is richly supplied with nerve fibers, blood, and lymphatic vessels.
What is the outer fibrous layer of the periosteum made of?
dense regular connective tissue
What is the inner osteogenic layer of the periosteum composed of?
Osteoblasts and Osteoclasts
The periosteum is secured to underlying bone by _______ fibers.
Sharpey’s
What is the endosteum?
A delicate membrane covering internal surfaces of bones.
