Bones of distal UE

Question 1

What are the landmarks of the distal end of the humerus?

Answer 1

Trochlea, capitulum, lateral and medial epicondyle, supracondylar ridge, olecranon fossa

Question 2

What is the trochlea of the humerus?

Answer 2

U-shaped end of the medial part of the humerus
(articulates with the trochlear notch of ulna)

Question 3

What is the capitulum of the humerus?

Answer 3

Rounded end of the lateral part of the humerus (articulates with head of the radius)

Question 4

What is the lateral vs. medial epicondyle of the humerus?

Answer 4

Structures just proximal to the capitulum (lateral epicondyle) and trochlea (medial epicondyle)
-attachment sites for forearm muscles

Question 5

What is the supracondylar ridge of the humerus?

Answer 5

Ridge just proximal to the lateral epicondyle (also attachment site for forearm muscles)

Question 6

What is the olecranon fossa of the humerus?

Answer 6

Divot on the back of the distal end of the humerus (olecranon of the ulna fits into this fossa when the arm extends)

Question 7

What are the landmarks of the proximal ulna?

Answer 7

Olecranon and trochlear notch

Question 8

What are the landmarks of the distal ulna?

Answer 8

Head of ulna and styloid process of ulna

Question 9

What is the olecranon of the proximal ulna?

Answer 9

Big bump at the proximal end of the ulna (fits into olecranon fossa)

Question 10

What is the trochlear notch of the proximal ulna?

Answer 10

Concave U-shaped structure that articulates with the trochlea

Question 11

What is the head of the ulna (distal)?

Answer 11

Distal end of ulna = head of ulna

Question 12

What is the styloid process of the distal ulna?

Answer 12

Tiny bump on the distal end of the ulna

Question 13

What are the landmarks of the proximal radius?

Answer 13

Head and neck of radius

Question 14

What is the landmark of the distal radius?

Answer 14

Styloid process of radius

Question 15

What is the head of the radius (proximal)?

Answer 15

Enlarged portion at the proximal end of the radius

Question 16

What is the neck of the radius (proximal)?

Answer 16

Narrowed transition portion just distal to the head of the radius (on the proximal end of the radius)

Question 17

What is the styloid process of the distal radius?

Answer 17

Little bump at the distal end of the radius

Question 18

How does the distal end of the ulna differ from the distal end of the radius?

Answer 18

distal end of the radius is much wider/larger

**THE HEAD OF THE ULNA IS AT THE DISTAL END

**THE HEAD OF THE RADIUS IS AT THE PROXIMAL END

Radius: lateral bone of forearm
Ulna: medial bone of forearm

Question 19

What carpal bones are in the proximal row?

Answer 19

Scaphoid, lunate, triquetrium, pisiform

Question 20

What is the scaphoid?

Answer 20

*Most lateral in carpal bone in proximal row (closest to radial side)

Question 21

What is the lunate?

Answer 21

Second most lateral carpal bone of the proximal row

Question 22

What is the triquetrium?

Answer 22

Second most medial carpal bone of the proximal row

Question 23

What is the pisiform?

Answer 23

Carpal bone in the proximal row that “sits like a pebble” on top of the triquetrium

*Most medial (closest to ulnar side)

Question 24

What are the carpal bones of the distal row?

Answer 24

Trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate

Question 25

What is the trapezium?

Answer 25

*Most lateral carpal bone in the distal row (closest to radial side)

Question 26

What is the trapezoid?

Answer 26

Second most lateral carpal bone in the distal row

Question 27

What is the capitate?

Answer 27

Second most medial carpal bone in the distal row

Question 28

What is the hamate?

Answer 28

*Most medial carpal bone in the distal row (closest to ulnar side)

Question 29

What is the hook of the hamate?

Answer 29

Arch on the hamate carpal bone (distal row)

Question 30

What are the metacarpals (1-5)?

Answer 30

The bones just distal to the carpal bones *metacarpals 1-5 follow digit numbers

Question 31

What is the 1st digit?

Answer 31

Thumb

Question 32

What is the 2nd digit?

Answer 32

Pointer finger

Question 33

What is the 3rd digit?

Answer 33

Middle finger

Question 34

What is the 4th digit?

Answer 34

Ring finger

Question 35

What is the 5th digit?

Answer 35

Pinky

Question 36

What are phalanges?

Answer 36

Small bones that make up the digits

Question 37

Which digits have a proximal, middle, and distal phalange?

Answer 37

Digits 2-5

Question 38

Which digit has a proximal and distal phalange?

Answer 38

1st digit (thumb)