Bones of the Skeleton Flashcards
What are the tubercles of the humerus?
Greater tubercle - proximolateral.
Lesser tubercle - posterolateral.
The bicipital groove runs through them, which contains the tendon of the long head of the biceps.
What are the capitulum and trochlea of the humerus?
Capitulum - a smooth, rounded eminence that is lateral to the humerus.
Trochlea - a groove at the lower end of the humerus forming part of the elbow joint.
What is the radial groove of the humerus?
A broad but shallow oblique depression for the radial nerve and deep brachial artery.
What is the difference between the surgical and anatomical neck of the humerus?
Surgical - the most commonly fractured region, most likely to damage the axillary nerve.
Anatomical - the centres of ossification.
What are the processes on the ulna?
Olecranon - the insertion point for the triceps muscle.
Coronoid - prevents posterior dislocation of the elbow joint.
What are the styloid processes of the ulna and radius?
Projections of bone on the lateral surfaces.
Thye offer attachment for tendons.
What are the trochanters of the femur?
Greater and lesser.
Allow for attachment of muscles.
What are the epiphyseal lines of the femur?
Where epiphyseal plates have become ossified.
What is a tibial tuberosity?
An elevation of the proximal anterior aspect of the tibia, below the lateral and medial condyles.
What are the malleoli of the tibia and fibula?
Bony prominences on either side of the ankle.
Lateral - fibula.
Medial - tibia.
What are the girdles of the body?
Pectoral - clavicle and scapula.
Pelvic - hip bones and sacrum.
How does the pelvic girdle differ in gender?
Males - longer, narrower, straighter sacrum.
Females - larger and wider pelvis.
What are the main parts of the hip?
Ilium, ischium and pubis.
Ischial spine and tuberosity.
Obturator foramen.
Acetabulum - articulates with the femur.
What are the joints of the hand?
Carpometacarpal (CMC) - palm and thumb.
Metacarpophalangeal (MCP) - first joints.
Interphalangeal - end joint of the thumb.
Proximal interphalangeal (PIP) - second joints.
Distal interphalangeal (DIP) - end joints.
What types of joints make up the hand?
CMC - synovial plane.
Other - synovial condyloid.
